Probably, each of us knows what a chiller is. However, not everyone knows what a chiller is for cooling water. Chiller, in essence, is the same air conditioner, but much larger, industrial sizes. In this article, we will talk about the principles of operation of chillers, their arrangement and what types they exist.
How does an aquarium chiller work?
Aquarium chillers work by removing heat from the water and transferring it somewhere else. The process of "heat transfer" will cool the water by removing heat from it, which will lead to a drop in water temperature. "Cold" cannot be transferred to water.
How to choose a chiller for an aquarium
Keep in mind that each chiller manufacturer in an aquarium designs their devices differently. Some of them are more effective than others.The best recommendation for calibrating the chiller in your tank is to visit the manufacturer's website. You will be given information about the size of the tank, the temperature of the chilled water, the required water temperature and the power of all aquarium pumps and electric heaters.
The device and principle of operation of the chiller for cooling water
The chiller is a special refrigeration unit used for cooling various liquids. The chiller is used in many areas of production, including in:
- mechanical engineering;
- alcohol industry;
- medicine;
- food Industry.
Important: Chillers are widely used in central air conditioning.
Water cooled
Just enter the information and the calculator will recommend a zero-size chiller. Some manufacturers simply state how many gallons their chillers will cool based on how many degrees you want the temperature to drop. It is important to use the highest water temperature that you expect to have when using a calculator or looking at the manufacturer's size charts.
Aquarium chiller size charts usually give two recommendations. The recommendations are based on the number of gallons that the chiller will process with a temperature change of 10 degrees, and the number of gallons will cool when the temperature changes by 20 degrees.
In the device of any chiller, you can find three main components, namely:
- evaporator;
- capacitor;
- compressor.
Today, the most common version of this kind of devices is the standard one-piece chiller, the main advantage of which is its one-piece unit - thanks to this parameter, the work space is significantly saved, since all the elements are already built into the device. Installation of a one-piece chiller is extremely simple - just connect the device, fill in the water and turn it on. However, the disadvantages of such models include the lack of the possibility of increasing the tank.
As you can see, the warmer the water, the fewer gallons the chiller can process. Some aquarists choose a chiller that is priced one step higher than what the manufacturer recommends. This provides a small supply of cooling power if they add another power head, a larger pump or more lighting.
A slightly larger chiller will operate on shorter cooling cycles compared to a small unit. It is important to combine the water pump with the chiller. The water pump will supply warm aquarium water through the chiller, past the heat exchanger and back to the aquarium.
Another modification of the device are chillers with a remote condenser. A distinctive feature of this format of equipment is the increased efficiency in the summer and the ability to connect to large tanks with liquid.
Important: Air condensers should be equipped in the shade.
The process of lowering the temperature is gradual and constant. Aquarium water must constantly circulate through the chiller to maintain a uniform and stable temperature of the water. If water flows too quickly through the chiller, the chiller will not effectively cool the water. If the flow is too low, the lines can freeze and damage the coils and compressor.
The ideal situation is to use a separate circulation pump, which is designed to move water through the chiller. Some aquarists use a filter filter to move water through the aquarium filter and chiller. Regardless of how you set up your chiller, the correct movement of water is important.
Another important part of the chiller is the evaporator, which is an absolutely sealed tank through which the cooled liquid flows. Inside this tank is a copper spiral, which acts as a circuit for freon. Through the walls of the spiral, heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and the coolant.
Chiller manufacturers offer the recommended flow rate range, in gallons per hour. You must choose the pump very carefully. For example, a pump is rated for a maximum flow rate of 211 gallons per hour, but this is calculated at zero head pressure. The flow rate of water pumps decreases significantly as the head increases.
The possibility of internal placement
Well-known manufacturers of water pumps provide a chart showing the true flow rate compared to the "head" or height of the water. When choosing a water pump, first determine the required flow rate for the chiller you are considering. For example, a chiller requires a flow rate of 2-3 liters per minute.
The principle of operation of the chiller is as follows: the compressor compresses the vapor of the refrigerant, which causes an increase in pressure and, therefore, the start of the condensation process. Then, the heated liquid is transferred to the condenser, which in turn is heat out.
After that, the refrigerant will assume a completely liquid state, it moves to the throttle - a special device located up to the evaporator and necessary to reduce the pressure. In this case, the heated refrigerant, passing through the evaporator, changes, turning into steam, and takes energy from the coolant, thereby cooling it.
If you do not have the proper flow rate, the chiller will not function properly. Chiller manufacturers provide recommended actual flow information on their website. Chillers from the aquarium release heat from the water and release it into the air.
In most cases, it was probably a good idea to place the chiller in an aquarium cabinet. The heat removed from the aquarium by the chiller will be discharged into a closed cabinet, which can lead to re-heating of the aquarium. The chiller uses a fan to purge air through a hot condenser coil to remove heat from the refrigerant.
Industrial Chiller Manufacturers
What are Russian-made?
Among all the segments of the air-conditioning market in Russia, the refrigeration equipment market is increasing its share most slowly. In percentage terms, the growth rate can be represented in the form of 12-18 percent. However, if you pay attention to financial indicators, the growth rate will be slightly higher - about 20-25 percent.
Monoblock air-cooled chillers
Aquarium chillers should be placed in an area with sufficient air to transfer the heat removed from the aquarium and chiller. If the chiller cannot generate heat, it becomes less efficient and consumes a lot of energy. If you place the chiller indoors, for example, in a closet or closet, there must be sufficient airflow to retain heat.
But paying too much can be a little excessive, and this is especially true if you are a beginner. This is a favorite chiller for many enthusiasts. Real-time performance shows that thermoelectric chillers are best suited for 10 gallon aquariums.
The most popular domestic brands of chillers are Ksiron-Kholod and Vaktekh-Kholod. Let's consider a little more in detail each of them.
Devices from the Ksiron-Kholod company are intended for cooling industrial equipment (extruders, injection molding machines, lasers, tomographs) and applications in the production of carbonated drinks. The cooling capacity of such plants starts from 2 kW. At the same time, all chillers are equipped with a hydraulic module as standard.
Chillers are well equipped with high quality components. The fan on top of the radiator is relatively quiet. If you want to drill your aquarium, the probe requires a 5-inch hole. The chiller comes with a robust threaded nut and gasket that seals the chiller in place and prevents leakage.
- Inexpensive.
- It is not possible to cool larger aquariums.
- It attracts attention with a suspended aquarium.
The devices of the BMT series are made in the form of a painted, metal spatial frame, on which such nodes as:
- refrigeration compressors;
- heat exchangers;
- refrigeration control and shutoff valves;
- electrical switchboard for control and power automation;
- receiver (tank for collecting and storing freon).
The internal volume of the entire installation is closed with decorative collapsible panels. To put the equipment into operation, minimal steps are required to connect the device to the network and the chilled water consumer.
- Easy to connect.
- Issued for hydroponics.
- There are no instructions or manuals for the aquarium.
- No customer support for aquarium apps.
The high-power condenser quickly releases trapped heat to effectively cool the water. Hoses are connected to the chiller using ½ fittings. The chiller is not loud, but the sound is audible. . A condenser is located on the front of the chiller. This configuration draws cold air from the front and pushes warm air from the back.
At the same time, Vaktech-Kholod chillers are the main part of all existing industrial refrigeration systems of the BTX series, manufactured and supplied by this organization. The company offers the widest range of universal refrigeration machines, ranging from devices with a capacity of 1 to 860 kW.
Air cooled condenser
Be sure to leave enough room for hot air to circulate from the coils. The chiller has a two year warranty. The chiller is designed for a maximum aquarium of 130 gallons. Other sizes are also available. He is more advanced than the other chillers we looked at.
Build quality is at the highest level. The fit and finish are excellent. This means no sharp edges and no annoying rattles and vibrations. The design increases the heat transfer from the water, making this chiller very efficient. A large, high-quality fan moves a lot of air without excess fan noise, which is typical for small fans.
As practice shows, foreign-made chillers are more in demand among our compatriots. Below we will consider the most common device models.
YORK
The YORK Refrigeration company designs and manufactures a wide range of standard and compact ammonia-based units. This series of equipment using a versatile range of reciprocating and screw compressors is used in many industries for indirect cooling using secondary refrigerant.
Users with aquarium cabinets can expand the opening of the exhaust conveyor in 2-inch increments using modular conveyor extensions. This means that you can direct hot air from a closed cabinet or cabinet. Inlet and outlet valves with inlet and rotating water help to place the unit in narrow enclosed spaces or cabinets. Rotating hoses make it easy to connect water hoses.
In addition, the filter screen is magnetically attached to the front for easy maintenance, removal and installation. The water temperature sensor uses input water as a reference. This ensures that the thermostat reads the temperature of the water in the aquarium, and not the outgoing chilled water.
It should be noted that ammonia is used in very small quantities, since refueling requires a small amount of refrigerant, which guarantees complete safety.
The flooded design used in YORK chillers provides high efficiency even under part load conditions.
Water requirement
The red display makes it easy to read temperature parameters. The thermostat display can be configured to display temperatures in degrees Fahrenheit or Celsius, and audible alarms can be programmed for specific situations.
The triangular probe is located on the incoming water display.
- Outstanding build quality.
- Two year warranty.
- Highly efficient work.
- Very quiet.
- Cooling and cooling functions.
- The cost is slightly more than other chillers.
The standard line of chillers contains more than twenty models with a capacity of 90 to 2700 kW for cooling water to a temperature in the range of 6-12 degrees. By special orders, the company produces chillers with a capacity of about 8 thousand kW.
Compact devices are assembled on a base frame, which includes all the components necessary for starting and using the equipment.
Nevertheless, this region is a separate world in which you need to start only with a large amount of relevant knowledge, further readiness to test and learn, and also save the budget. Each water cooling system is unique and must be adapted to the cooled hardware components, taking into account the circumstances of the case, as well as the intended intentions. However, the following water cooling components are, as always, part of the liquid cooling system.
Hoses and connections: there may be different sizes to choose from, although optimal pipes cannot be recommended as a general rule. It is important that they have sufficient static pressure and sufficient air flow. In the field of water cooling, they are often combined with pump controls that can control the costs of compatible pumps. Some people like it very bright and perhaps even phosphorescent, others can only consult on clean refrigerants to counteract the risk of sedimentation of suspended solids. One thing is clear: without refrigerant, this will not work. Coolant: Separate perfume upon cooling. . To work perfectly, you need pleasant temperatures.
CARRIER
Carrier Corporation is an innovator and leader in the manufacture of HVAC equipment. The company supplies absorption devices with power from 351 to 4853 kW and vapor compression devices with power from 5 to 2500 kW.
According to the type of coolant, chillers are divided into water, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol.
Same thing with your car engine. There is nothing more annoying than an overheated engine. Then a good exit is completed first. In an internal combustion engine, most of the energy contained in the fuel is converted to heat. To prevent the engine from overheating completely, excess heat must be dissipated into the environment. This is where the engine cooling system comes into play.
This is how engine cooling works.
Modern cars are always cooled with a mixture of water and an antifreeze or corrosion inhibitor. Firstly, the heat of combustion of the fuel is transferred to the engine components. Then it is released to the coolant. It circulates through the cooling system. As a result, it is finally transported to a radiator that generates heat to the outside air. Fans support the cooling process.
The devices are equipped with a specialized microprocessor control system. For any model of chillers, you can choose additional equipment that will allow you to install equipment anywhere. Compressor-condenser units are designed taking into account the latest engineering and technical developments, due to which they are equipped with special scroll compressors, low-noise fans and microprocessor control.
The refrigerant used (HFC-407 ° C) is completely safe and does not have any harmful effects on the ozone layer.
A specially designed evaporator in the form of a plate heat exchanger allows you to maximize the thermodynamic properties of the equipment. The devices have a protective heat exchanger system from freezing during the period when the equipment is not functioning.
Carrier brand chillers are designed for year-round use, and at outdoor temperatures up to -10 degrees they successfully operate without the use of additional devices. The control algorithm organizes microprocessor control of the fans.
The design of electrical connections is greatly simplified, and all standard devices include a main disconnector with power supply.
Large removable panels and hinged doors of control units provide quick access to all necessary elements of the device. Moreover, the design provides a system of holes that allows you to perform the necessary adjustment work without interrupting the operation of the device.
"EUROCHILLER"
EUROCHILLER brand chillers are technologically sophisticated vapor compression refrigeration units. A feature of such equipment is the principle of a heat pump - the thermal energy released during the operation of the chiller is often used to heat industrial premises. Depending on the modification, heat can be transferred to air or water.
The EUROCHILLER chillers can be classified by:
- refrigeration capacity;
- designs (monoblock version or with remote condenser);
- the principle of work (freon, absorption, ammonia);
- type of cooling (air or water);
- the presence of additional options (additional reservoirs and hydraulic modules, winter kit, etc.).
The main advantages of EUROCHILLER brand chillers include:
- automatic operation mode;
- system flexibility (the distance between the cold consumer and the chiller can reach several hundred meters);
- economic advantage (with proper selection of the model, operating costs are significantly reduced);
- environmental benefit (most models work with environmentally friendly refrigerant);
- acoustic advantage (low noise operation);
- safety of use due to the careful study of the design.
ANGARA
The production of Angara chillers is handled by the Turkish company ERBAY.
The most popular line of Angara chillers is the GRS series. The devices in this series are freon-cooled water chillers. The minimum productivity of the equipment is at the level of 4.5 kW, and the maximum - at the level of 400 kW. Depending on the configuration, the chiller can be equipped with a scroll hermetic or semi-hermetic piston compressor. The condenser can be either water-cooled or air-cooled. In the first case, the capacitors are shell-and-tube type copper pipes, and in the second, copper tubes with aluminum fins.
DAIKIN
Today, Daikin is rightfully considered one of the leading organizations in the chiller systems market.
In the manufacturer’s portfolio, you can find almost any type of refrigeration machine, including:
- fan coils;
- ergonomic with remote condenser.
- reliable air-cooled;
- compact water-cooled.
High-capacity Daikin chillers are equipped with specialized screw compressors with unique load control.
The most numerous group of chillers on the R134a is the proven EWAD-MBYNN series. The performance of devices of this series ranges from 120 to 600 kW, and all equipment is reliable and low-noise.
Chillers can be equipped with:
- hydraulic modules;
- service valves;
- a protective coating of the capacitor fins;
- improved sound insulation;
- systems of full or partial heat recovery.
RHOSS
Chillers of the European brand "RHOSS" are distinguished from their competitors by a high level of reliability and a long service life. All equipment manufactured by the company is regularly tested and passes technical control.
In addition to mandatory certification, all equipment manufactured by RHOSS undergoes additional testing under the name EUROVEN, which allows us to confirm the high quality and performance of air conditioning machines.
TRANE
Conventionally, chillers manufactured by TRANE can be divided into two groups:
- air-cooled:
- productivity is from 19 to 1500 kW;
- rTAC and AquaStream2 models support a Lon-compatible control system;
- the availability of various sizes of models RTAD and AquaStream2.
- water cooled:
- productivity is from 51 to 3800 kW;
- full compatibility with Tracer Summit systems designed to manage engineering equipment;
- rTHD models support open protocols and the Lon CH protocol. 530.
For more than twenty years, chillers with a capacity of more than 50 kW have been created on the basis of TRANE compressors, and screw, scroll and centrifugal compressors are included in the production program. The production of reciprocating compressors by TRANE was discontinued in order to reduce the weight, size and noise level of the chiller systems.
The cooling capacity of devices based on centrifugal compressors can be at the level of both 730 and 4000 kW. Productivity is regulated depending on the presence of one or two steps.
CLINT
Some time ago, the industrial Italian holding G.I. Industrial HOLDING S.p.A has launched the production of new Clint devices of the MULTY POWER series on R410A freon, which has been recognized as the most environmentally friendly. This line of equipment differs from its predecessors in increased power and energy efficiency. For example, previous generations of the model are produced on R407C freon and have a capacity of 190 to 530 kW. At the same time, the new series of devices has a cooling capacity of 200 to 1050 kW, which allows the use of equipment even in the largest areas, including hypermarkets and sports facilities.
It should be noted that with a cooling capacity below 80 percent, the energy efficiency parameter is higher than 3.1, which means that the unit goes into energy saving class A, which means lower operating costs for the equipment customer. The use of electronic expansion valves in devices with twelve compressors (capacity from 170 to 1051 kW) and the logic of controlling them according to the actual heat load significantly improves the technical performance of the equipment.
Attention: Due to the optimal ratio of the cost of chillers and their cooling capacity, the MULTY POWER series on the R407C became the sales leader.
Thanks to the specialized SNAK 726-36012 series, divided into 17 sizes, the customer can select the most suitable unit according to the given parameters as accurately as possible. These devices embody all the positive design developments of previously released series, including:
- highly efficient plate heat exchangers;
- two refrigeration circuits with 3-6 scroll compressors included in tandem;
- built-in hydraulic modules;
- low starting currents;
- a large number of stages of regulation.
The use of scroll compressors ensures high reliability of the device, and the risks of stopping the operation of the unit are minimized, since it can work with a limited number of compressors.
Chiller "DANTEX"
The European company Dantex produces chillers equipped with a cooling function, as well as models with a heat pump.
The main goal of this enterprise is the production of highly efficient equipment:
- low power consumption;
- air-cooled condenser;
- water-cooled condenser;
- without capacitors.
All water chillers manufactured at the European factory are equipped with Carel automated control system, which controls the process of cooling or heating water in the hydraulic circuit of the device. It is this system that ensures the durability and reliability of the most significant components of the refrigeration circuit - heat exchangers, compressor and fans.
GENERAL CLIMATE
General Climate chillers are designed for indoor installation. The frame and base of the unit are made of thick sheets of galvanized steel, which are fixed to each other with stainless steel screws. To protect the device from corrosion, the entire galvanized steel housing is coated with white enamel. The devices are equipped with Refcomp semi-hermetic screw compressors, as well as a plate type evaporator and condenser.
Not so long ago, the company released a new line of chillers of the EuroWell series, which includes more than a dozen types of vapor compression devices with power from 5 to 1600 kW, including water and air-cooled chillers without a condenser at all, as well as devices of a modular design and chillers with remote evaporator.
High reliability and efficiency of the equipment is confirmed by the EUROVENT certificate. As additional equipment, the manufacturer presents GPT remote hydraulic modules with one or two pumps, as well as a storage tank of up to 2500 liters. At the same time, pumping stations are supplied complete with pressure gauges, an automation system, valves and valves.
"MCQUAY"
McQuay chillers cover a huge range of capacities - from a few units to several thousand kilowatts. At the same time, they differ in:
- type of compressors used (scroll, reciprocating, centrifugal, screw);
- type of condenser cooling (water, air);
- design (with heat pump, remote condenser, recuperative heat exchanger).
Today, McQuay is the only company supplying chillers with five acoustic versions, from standard to ultra-low noise, which allows them to be installed in facilities that have a number of very stringent noise requirements for the equipment used.
For special climatic conditions, the company has developed modifications with increased corrosion resistance, as well as resistance to low and high temperatures.
"CW 5000"
The manufacturer of the CW 5000 chillers is the Chinese company S&A.
The manufactured units are used for cooling CO2 laser tubes, fiber laser sources, water-cooled spindles, medical equipment and more. For this, the device uses water, the temperature of which the chiller maintains within the limits set by the consumer using freon. At the same time, there are simpler models that cool water offline with fans.
BLUEBOX
Over the years, BlueBox has been a responsible manufacturer and reliable partner. In our country, chillers manufactured by this company are supplied on a fairly serious scale.
The most popular basic modifications of monoblock chillers manufactured by BlueBox are air-cooled condensers, which are intended for installation outside the premises - on the street, flat roof, balcony. In this segment, units are represented by such series as:
- "Freeze" (from 5 to 15 kW);
- “Alfa (from 4.6 to 49.8 kW);
- "Zeta" (from 40 to 160 kW);
- "Kappa" (from 150 to 260 kW);
- "Kappa V2001" (from 155 to 540 kW).
At the same time, monoblock devices with centrifugal fans are most often mounted indoors and connected to the environment using air ducts. The most popular series in this segment are:
- "Beta / HE" (from 40 to 160 kW);
- "Beta / SE" (from 144 to 260 kW).
In the segment of water-cooled condenser units, it is necessary to note the series:
- Sigma (from 45 to 145 kW);
- Omega (from 135 to 760 kW);
- Omega V (from 130 to 730 kW).
The range of monoblock chillers is complemented by devices with remote condensers - for example, MU / LC (from 4.5 to 37.6 kW), as well as compressor and condenser units of the Alfa series (from 5.6 to 64.5 kW) designed for work with air handling units that are equipped with heat exchangers for direct cooling of the air flow.
It should be noted that about 15 years ago, BlueBox no longer manufactures devices with reciprocating compressors. Water chillers up to 160 kW are usually equipped with Scroll compressors, while more powerful devices are equipped with screw compressors.
A distinctive feature of chillers with several compressors is the independence of all refrigeration circuits. In other words, a malfunction of one of the elements does not affect the operation of the others in any way.
Depending on the modification of the device, freon R22, R134A or R407C is used.
Types of Chillers
Air cooled condenser
According to the type of capacitors used, specialists distinguish between air and water models.
Air devices can be mounted both indoors and outdoors, depending on their design (with axial and centrifugal fans).
Chillers with centrifugal fans are mounted indoors, and air intake and exhaust are carried out through air ducts. The main advantage of such chillers is the possibility of year-round production of cold air, regardless of the temperature outside.
Air-type devices can be mounted without the use of usable area. A striking example is the installation of chillers on the roofs of buildings. In addition, some models of this type of device are performed in a low-noise modification, which makes it possible to operate the equipment in domestic conditions.
Water cooled
At the same time, water-type chillers are installed only indoors. To cool the condenser of such devices, both intermediate and supply (from natural reservoirs) coolant can be used.
The coolant is cooled by a reverse cooling system, but another type of cooling is also provided for in water-type chillers - by transferring heat to the outside air. This method is called free cooling (freecooling), as it allows you to get cold throughout the year.
With freecooling
As already mentioned, experts call free-cooling an additional free cooling system. The system begins to function at an ambient temperature of +15 degrees and regulates its own operation in automatic mode.
It is advisable to install chillers with freecooling in places where the need for chilled water is year-round, and it is also possible to use outdoor air having a low temperature at a certain time of the year.
Freecooling devices are equipped with an additional liquid heat exchanger using the principle of free cooling. The heat carrier, passing through such a heat exchanger, is cooled by cold air from the environment, thereby significantly reducing the load on the compressors.
Absorption
According to the cooling cycle, chillers are classified into absorption and vapor compression.
In absorption type devices, distilled water is used as a refrigerant. The main source of energy for such chillers is superheated steam or hot water.
The design of absorption chillers implies the presence of the following elements:
- an absorber with lithium bromide and refrigerant (working solutions);
- evaporator;
- generator;
- capacitor.
The main feature of such devices is the ability to use secondary energy resources, which allows the customer to significantly save on the energy consumption of the device. In addition, another distinctive feature of absorption machines is the almost complete absence of moving parts, which significantly increases the service life of the device.
Vapor compression
At the same time, the vast majority of refrigeration units are based on the compressor cooling cycle, which is carried out through continuous circulation, condensation and boiling of the refrigerant in a closed system. Elements of this system are traditionally:
- compressor;
- flow regulator;
- capacitor;
- evaporator.
While the compressor raises the pressure of the refrigerant, the condenser cools it, whereby the hot steam turns into a liquid.
It is extremely important to choose the optimal size of the capacitor so that the gas can completely condense inside it. In this case, the output will be a liquid with a temperature lower than it was in the condenser.
Subsequently, the mixture of liquid and steam is transferred to the evaporator, where the liquid boils and gives its own heat to the evaporator, again turning into steam, thereby closing the cycle of the device.
Installation of chillers on the roof: instruction + video
The chiller installation algorithm, as a rule, is the following sequence of actions:
- installation of the device on the frame for even distribution of the weight of the equipment;
- isolation of vibration that occurs during operation of the device;
- installation of a hydraulic circuit;
- filling the system with refrigerant;
- connecting the chiller to the mains, wiring;
- equipment start-up, system operation modes setting.
For installation on a roof, devices equipped with air-cooled condensers, as well as axial fans, are suitable.
It should be noted that it is extremely important when installing equipment on the roof of the building to take into account the weight of the device in relation to the structural parameters of the building. In other words, first of all, it is necessary to assess the strength of the structure on which it is necessary to install the chiller.
Video on installing the chiller on the roof:
Chiller elements
Hydraulic module
Specialists call a hydraulic module a pumping station, which is necessary for the circulation of water throughout the multi-meter system of the chiller.
In order for water to flow from the chiller to the end consumer, a powerful circulation pump is needed, which will have to run thousands of liters of water through pipes. In addition, the hydraulic module also includes an accumulating tank, which serves as a reservoir for ice water. If available, the device works much more stable and less time consuming. Since when the temperature changes, water changes its volume, an expansion tank is installed in the system, built directly into the water circuit. It is necessary so that the system does not break when the temperature of the circulated water rises - with an increase in the volume of water it fills the expansion tank.
Glycol
The transfer of air heat from the refrigerated room to the refrigerant is carried out due to the coolants (coolants), which may be:
- water;
- water solution;
- liquid with a low freezing point.
The most common refrigerants are solutions of polyhydric alcohols, including ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and glycerol.
Glycol is a colorless sweetish and highly viscous liquid with a freezing point below -50 degrees. There are two main types of glycol: propylene glycol (non-toxic, even used in food production) and ethylene glycol (toxic, used where leakage does not harm people, animals or food products, much cheaper than propylene glycol).
Heat exchanger
A heat exchanger (evaporator) is a heat exchanger in which the refrigerant boils and thereby cools the coolant.
The chiller allows not only to maintain the required temperature at the facility, but also to heat the necessary elements of the building or production. This is a unique combination of modern cooling equipment and an energy-saving system.
Chiller type air conditioners have different designs, efficiency, installation and operation. All this determines the level of interest for each unit.
To the model of a monoblock design, manufacturers do not put forward special requirements. The user selects it because of the simplicity of the device, low cost.
With a remote condenser, the cooling and heating functions are separated into different blocks. They use water as a coolant.
There are three more types - devices with water, air condenser and absorption refrigeration machines. They are used to solve a wide variety of specialized tasks for cooling and heating rooms and facilities. Such devices are characterized by the ability to generate cold. By this concept is meant the ability to take energy from a cooled liquid and the efficiency of its conversion for further use.
Areas of use:
- Production.
- Medical centers.
- Office buildings.
- Residential real estate.
The range of our industrial chillers covers a performance range from 5 to 7000 kW; their photos are provided in our catalog. All refrigeration air conditioners pass a full cycle of tests and inspections before sale and shipment to the customer. The equipment is equipped with automation, which ensures efficient and safe operation of the central air conditioning system. In accordance with the individual requirements of the project, air conditioners can be equipped with additional options and accessories, as well as promptly and at the appropriate cost sent to Russia.
The best material for car trim
Principles of hardening the body
Do-it-yourself compressor - with minimal scrap costs
Which is better: do-it-yourself or factory-made compressor for painting a car
Causes of fuel pump malfunctions