Unified State Exam 2018 TEST for task No. 20
1. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
The employer must offer the vacancy to all employees at the same time.
2. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
Upstairs there was a shop selling souvenirs, an excellent information desk and restrooms.
3. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
You feel like a queen, people make way on the street, work colleagues nod respectfully, Arkady Borisych politely offers his hand wrapped in sterile paper.
4. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
5. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
Do not smoke yourself, this way you will maintain your health; Do not be surrounded by people who smoke, as “passive smoking” weakens the protective immune system.
6. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
According to the printed press, over 9 months of 2006, 2 million 276 thousand people used long-distance trains, and 945 thousand people used suburban trains.
7. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down .
For several centuries, the Chusovaya River basin served as a bloody arena, where the fiercest struggle of local aborigines with unknown newcomers was in full swing.
8. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
Conscientiously recording his observations in a notebook, Mr. Pickwick was mistaken for a secret spy, and the coachman decided to beat him and the friends who had joined him.
9. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
She had soft features, and when we made a decision, her eyes and smile would light up, as if she had been given a free gift.
10. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
Currently, the Pacific Ocean plays an important role in the life of many countries. Half of the world's fish catch comes from this water area.
11. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
He was afraid that Ostap would open the chair himself and, taking valuable treasures, leave, leaving him to the mercy of fate.
12. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down. A young girl appeared on stage, dressed in a beautiful, silvery white dress. She walked with a light tread, turned around, smiled into the hall and walked some more.
13. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
The telephone alarmed him every minute and rang with the persistence of a tram car making its way through the goods market.
14. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
The poem “Testament” by M. Yu. Lermontov was written in 1840 and in form represents the confession of the hero before his death.
15. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
Two boys and three girls were on their way to the city memorial, where all the military units and ships that defended the city in the last war were listed on red granite slabs.
16. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
I know one thing for sure: I will never sit down to write my autobiography, even if I live to be a hundred years old. You have to be too in love with yourself to write about yourself without shame.
17. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
On the train, the prince first meets Parfen Rogozhin, the son of a wealthy merchant, who inherited a huge fortune after his death.
18. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
More than a hundred countries around the world import oil from abroad, which has tripled in price since 1998.
19. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
Nagulnov found himself at the barn in two leaps, knocked down the guy standing on the threshold with a blow from his clenched fist, sharply slammed the door and leaned his back firmly against it.
20. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
During the first quarter, it is necessary to create a price list for household services.
21. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
A conversation was read with the convoy drivers about the inadmissibility of smoking and talking on the phone while working on the line.
22. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
Satin's romantic dream of a proud, free, strong Man is contraindicated by the reality of his life.
23. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
It seemed to me that on this journey the lion's share of all the work fell on me. This situation did not suit me.
24. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
To increase the level of hemoglobin in the blood, you need to adjust your diet.
25. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
Due to severe frosts, the water supply network froze and transformers were damaged in a number of cities and regions of the country.
26. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
Famusov lives by the slogan: “It’s signed, so off your shoulders.”
27. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
This event, which occurred in early spring, played a great role in the hero’s future life.
28. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
All those present agreed to learn this story, or, as the postmaster put it, a somewhat interesting poem for the writer.
29. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
She was apparently not averse to going even further, but the design of the device did not allow her to predict good weather more persistently.
30. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
Many psychologists adhere to the attitude that all good and all bad personality traits are established in childhood.
ANSWERS
1. free 16. mine
2.memorable 17.first time
3 for work 18.from abroad
4. mutual 19. compressed
5. protective 20.tsen
6. printed 21. carried out
7. local 22. opposed
8. secret 23.share
9. free 24. upgrade
10. water 25.due
11. valuable 26.principle
12. young 27. has
13. commodity 28. desire
14. own 29. predict
15. memorable 30. opinions
In 2018, all the main characteristics of the Unified State Examination work in the Russian language as a whole will be preserved.
The examination paper includes a new task (20), testing knowledge of the lexical norms of the modern Russian literary language (except for paronyms).
The primary score for completing all examination work has been increased from 57 to 58.
The advisability of including a new task in the examination work is determined by the results of the unified state exam: the results of mastering lexical norms are generally satisfactory, but not high. Teachers are well aware that students often have difficulty interpreting the lexical meaning of a word, school graduates mix up foreign names, and the inability of students to accurately express their thoughts makes the wording inaccurate and vague.
Task 20 in the 2018 exam materials tests the development of skills in stylistic editing (inappropriate use of words, forms or structures) in coherent texts (sentences). It should be noted that a wealth of material for creating the task is contained in the essays of the exam participants.
As the basis for the linguistic material of task 20, the main types of speech errors (Table 1) will be taken, presented in the Educational and methodological materials for chairmen and members of regional subject commissions for checking the completion of tasks with a detailed answer of the 2017 Unified State Examination papers.
Table 1
| No. | Type of error | Examples |
| 1 | Using a word in a meaning that is unusual for it | We were shocked wonderful acting. Thought develops on continuation the entire text. |
| 2 | Non-distinction of shades of meaning introduced into a word by prefix and suffix (tested in task 5) | My attitude to this problem is not has changed. Were accepted spectacular measures. |
| 3 | Failure to distinguish synonymous words | IN final In the sentence, the author uses gradation. |
| 4 | The use of words of a different stylistic coloring | The author, addressing this problem, tries to guide people a little different track. |
| 5 | Inappropriate use of emotionally charged words and phraseological units | Astafiev every now and then resorts to the use of metaphors and personifications. |
| 6 | Unjustified use of colloquial words | Such people always succeed burn others. |
| 7 | Violation of lexical compatibility | Author enhances the impression. Author uses artistic peculiarities(instead of facilities). |
| 8 | Use of unnecessary words, including pleonasm | The author conveys the beauty of the landscape us using artistic techniques. Young young man, Very beautiful |
| 9 | The use of words with the same root in a close context (tautology) | In that the story is told about real events. |
| 10 | Unjustified repetition of a word | Hero story does not think about his actions. Hero He doesn’t even understand the depth of what he’s done. |
| 11 | Poverty and monotony of syntactic structures | When the writer came to the editorial office, he was accepted by the editor-in-chief. When they talked, the writer went to the hotel. |
The peculiarities of the linguistic material determined the possible options for presenting the task in the examination paper. The wording of task 20 is possible in two options: excluding a word or replacing it. Let's give examples.
| Option 1. Exception |
Option 2. Replacement |
|
Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down. In the area of Jupiter's south pole, an astronomer noticed a dark spot and initially mistook it for an unusual weather phenomenon, because storms often rage on this planet. (Answer: unusual) |
Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language. At the end of the 17th century, supporters of Princess Sophia were defeated in a battle with the troops of the young transformer of Russia, Peter the Great. Answer: __________________________. (Answer: suffered) |
The methodology for preventing speech errors in Russian language lessons should be based, firstly, on recognizing errors of various types and, secondly, on eliminating them (using special techniques). Moreover, the error recognition stage itself should be based on an understanding of the semantic contradiction provoked by the error in a given sentence. This means that work with task 20 should not be reduced only to the requirement to correct an error. Completing this task will require a special algorithm for its implementation: find a semantic (semantic) contradiction (error signal) → recognize the error, indicate its type (do not mix it with means of expressiveness) → if it is an error, correct it.
In general, we should talk about creating a problem situation in the lesson, which will be effective only if the students understand it well and are convinced of the need to resolve the problem. It is important that the problem posed is conditioned and prepared by the course of the lesson, the logic of working on new material. Otherwise, the problematic formulation of the problem from an effective, developing factor can turn into a factor inhibiting the educational activity of students.
1. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
The employer must offer the vacancy to all employees at the same time.
2. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
Upstairs there was a shop selling souvenirs, an excellent information desk and restrooms.
3. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
You feel like a queen, people make way on the street, work colleagues nod respectfully, Arkady Borisych politely offers his hand wrapped in sterile paper.
4. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
From the very beginning of the work, the author conducts a mutual dialogue with the reader, showing his attitude towards the main characters, their experiences and thoughts.
5. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
Do not smoke yourself, this way you will maintain your health; Do not be surrounded by people who smoke, as “passive smoking” weakens the protective immune system.
6. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
According to the printed press, over 9 months of 2006, 2 million 276 thousand people used long-distance trains, and 945 thousand people used suburban trains.
7. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down .
For several centuries, the Chusovaya River basin served as a bloody arena, where the fiercest struggle of local aborigines with unknown newcomers was in full swing.
8. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
Conscientiously recording his observations in a notebook, Mr. Pickwick was mistaken for a secret spy, and the coachman decided to beat him and the friends who had joined him.
9. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
She had soft features, and when we made a decision, her eyes and smile would light up, as if she had been given a free gift.
10. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
Currently, the Pacific Ocean plays an important role in the life of many countries. Half of the world's fish catch comes from this water area.
11. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
He was afraid that Ostap would open the chair himself and, taking valuable treasures, leave, leaving him to the mercy of fate.
12. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down. A young girl appeared on stage, dressed in a beautiful, silvery white dress. She walked with a light tread, turned around, smiled into the hall and walked some more.
13. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
The telephone alarmed him every minute and rang with the persistence of a tram car making its way through the goods market.
14. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
The poem “Testament” by M. Yu. Lermontov was written in 1840 and in form represents the confession of the hero before his death.
15. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
Two boys and three girls were on their way to the city memorial, where all the military units and ships that defended the city in the last war were listed on red granite slabs.
16. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
I know one thing for sure: I will never sit down to write my autobiography, even if I live to be a hundred years old. You have to be too in love with yourself to write about yourself without shame.
17. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
On the train, the prince first meets Parfen Rogozhin, the son of a wealthy merchant, who inherited a huge fortune after his death.
18. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
More than a hundred countries around the world import oil from abroad, which has tripled in price since 1998.
19. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
Nagulnov found himself at the barn in two leaps, knocked down the guy standing on the threshold with a blow from his clenched fist, sharply slammed the door and leaned his back firmly against it.
20. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
During the first quarter, it is necessary to create a price list for household services.
21. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
A conversation was read with the convoy drivers about the inadmissibility of smoking and talking on the phone while working on the line.
22. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
Satin's romantic dream of a proud, free, strong Man is contraindicated by the reality of his life.
23. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
It seemed to me that on this journey the lion's share of all the work fell on me. This situation did not suit me.
24. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
To increase the level of hemoglobin in the blood, you need to adjust your diet.
25. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
Due to severe frosts, the water supply network froze and transformers were damaged in a number of cities and regions of the country.
26. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
Famusov lives by the slogan: “It’s signed, so off your shoulders.”
27. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
This event, which occurred in early spring, played a great role in the hero’s future life.
28. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
All those present agreed to learn this story, or, as the postmaster put it, a somewhat interesting poem for the writer.
29. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
She was apparently not averse to going even further, but the design of the device did not allow her to predict good weather more persistently.
30. Edit the sentence: correct a lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
Many psychologists adhere to the attitude that all good and all bad personality traits are established in childhood.
ANSWERS
1. free 16. mine
2.memorable 17.first time
3 for work 18.from abroad
4. mutual 19. compressed
5. protective 20.tsen
6. printed 21. carried out
7. local 22. opposed
8. secret 23.share
9. free 24. upgrade
10. water 25.due
11. valuable 26.principle
12. young 27. has
13. commodity 28. desire
14. own 29. predict
15. memorable 30. opinions
In 2018, all the main characteristics of the Unified State Examination work in the Russian language as a whole will be preserved.
The examination paper includes a new task (20), testing knowledge of the lexical norms of the modern Russian literary language (except for paronyms).
The primary score for completing all examination work has been increased from 57 to 58.
The advisability of including a new task in the examination work is determined by the results of the unified state exam: the results of mastering lexical norms are generally satisfactory, but not high. Teachers are well aware that students often have difficulty interpreting the lexical meaning of a word, school graduates mix up foreign names, and the inability of students to accurately express their thoughts makes the wording inaccurate and vague.
Task 20 in the 2018 exam materials tests the development of skills in stylistic editing (inappropriate use of words, forms or structures) in coherent texts (sentences). It should be noted that a wealth of material for creating the task is contained in the essays of the exam participants.
As the basis for the linguistic material of task 20, the main types of speech errors (Table 1) will be taken, presented in the Educational and methodological materials for chairmen and members of regional subject commissions for checking the completion of tasks with a detailed answer of the 2017 Unified State Examination papers.
Table 1
| No. | Type of error | Examples |
| 1 | Using a word in a meaning that is unusual for it | We were shocked wonderful acting. Thought develops on continuation the entire text. |
| 2 | Non-distinction of shades of meaning introduced into a word by prefix and suffix (tested in task 5) | My attitude to this problem is not has changed. Were accepted spectacular measures. |
| 3 | Failure to distinguish synonymous words | IN final In the sentence, the author uses gradation. |
| 4 | The use of words of a different stylistic coloring | The author, addressing this problem, tries to guide people a little different track. |
| 5 | Inappropriate use of emotionally charged words and phraseological units | Astafiev every now and then resorts to the use of metaphors and personifications. |
| 6 | Unjustified use of colloquial words | Such people always succeed burn others. |
| 7 | Violation of lexical compatibility | Author enhances the impression. Author uses artistic peculiarities(instead of facilities). |
| 8 | Use of unnecessary words, including pleonasm | The author conveys the beauty of the landscape us using artistic techniques. Young young man, Very beautiful |
| 9 | The use of words with the same root in a close context (tautology) | In that the story is told about real events. |
| 10 | Unjustified repetition of a word | Hero story does not think about his actions. Hero He doesn’t even understand the depth of what he’s done. |
| 11 | Poverty and monotony of syntactic structures | When the writer came to the editorial office, he was accepted by the editor-in-chief. When they talked, the writer went to the hotel. |
The peculiarities of the linguistic material determined the possible options for presenting the task in the examination paper. The wording of task 20 is possible in two options: excluding a word or replacing it. Let's give examples.
| Option 1. Exception |
Option 2. Replacement |
|
Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down. In the area of Jupiter's south pole, an astronomer noticed a dark spot and initially mistook it for an unusual weather phenomenon, because storms often rage on this planet. (Answer: unusual) |
Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language. At the end of the 17th century, supporters of Princess Sophia were defeated in a battle with the troops of the young transformer of Russia, Peter the Great. Answer: __________________________. (Answer: suffered) |
The methodology for preventing speech errors in Russian language lessons should be based, firstly, on recognizing errors of various types and, secondly, on eliminating them (using special techniques). Moreover, the error recognition stage itself should be based on an understanding of the semantic contradiction provoked by the error in a given sentence. This means that work with task 20 should not be reduced only to the requirement to correct an error. Completing this task will require a special algorithm for its implementation: find a semantic (semantic) contradiction (error signal) → recognize the error, indicate its type (do not mix it with means of expressiveness) → if it is an error, correct it.
In general, we should talk about creating a problem situation in the lesson, which will be effective only if the students understand it well and are convinced of the need to resolve the problem. It is important that the problem posed is conditioned and prepared by the course of the lesson, the logic of working on new material. Otherwise, the problematic formulation of the problem from an effective, developing factor can turn into a factor inhibiting the educational activity of students.
Description of the presentation by individual slides:
1 slide
Slide description:
Option 1. Deletion Option 2. Substitution Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down. In the area of Jupiter's south pole, an astronomer noticed a dark spot and initially mistook it for an unusual weather phenomenon, because storms often rage on this planet. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language. At the end of the 17th century, supporters of Princess Sophia were defeated in a battle with the troops of the young transformer of Russia, Peter the Great.
2 slide
Slide description:
Type of error Examples Use of a word in a meaning that is unusual for it We were shocked by the excellent performance of the actors. The idea develops throughout the entire text. Non-distinction of shades of meaning introduced into a word by prefix and suffix (tested in task 5) My attitude to this problem has not changed. Effective measures were taken. Non-distinction of synonymous words In the final sentence, the author uses gradation. The use of words of a different stylistic coloring The author, addressing this problem, tries to direct people into a slightly different track. Inappropriate use of emotionally charged words and phraseological units Astafiev continually resorts to the use of metaphors and personifications. Unjustified use of colloquial words Such people always manage to bully others. Violation of lexical compatibility The author increases the impression. The author uses artistic features (instead of a medium). The use of unnecessary words, including pleonasm The author conveys the beauty of the landscape to us with the help of artistic techniques. A young man, very beautiful. The use of cognate words in a close context (tautology) This story tells about real events. Unjustified repetition of a word The hero of the story does not think about his actions. The hero does not even understand the full depth of what he has done. Poverty and monotony of syntactic structures When the writer came to the editorial office, he was received by the editor-in-chief. When they talked, the writer went to the hotel.
3 slide
Slide description:
Let's complete test task 20-1. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down. He was afraid that Ostap would open the chair himself and, taking valuable treasures, leave, leaving him to the mercy of fate. valuable
4 slide
Slide description:
20-2. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down. A young girl appeared on stage, dressed in a beautiful, silvery white dress. She walked with a light tread, turned around, smiled into the hall and walked some more. young
5 slide
Slide description:
20-3. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down. The telephone alarmed him every minute and rang with the persistence of a tram car making its way through the goods market. tram
6 slide
Slide description:
20-4. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down. The poem “Testament” by M. Yu. Lermontov was written in 1840 and in form represents the confession of the hero before his death. his
7 slide
Slide description:
20-5. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down. Two boys and three girls were on their way to the city memorial, where all the military units and ships that defended the city in the last war were listed on red granite slabs. memorable
8 slide
Slide description:
20-6. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down. I know one thing for sure: I will never sit down to write my autobiography, even if I live to be a hundred years old. You have to be too in love with yourself to write about yourself without shame. mine
Slide 9
Slide description:
20-7. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down. On the train, the prince first meets Parfen Rogozhin, the son of a wealthy merchant, who inherited a huge fortune after his death. huge
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