A scientist is a creative specialist who makes contributions to the development of science. Professionals use certain methods and approaches to achieve their goals. In some cases, the discoveries of experts are of global significance. So how much does an academician earn in different countries of the world?
Salary of a specialist in the Russian Federation
The average salary of a scientist in Russia is 53,800 rubles(approximately 927 US dollars). The government plans to increase this figure to 110 thousandRUB/ 1896 USD However, sociological surveys claim that experts' salaries amount to RUB 19,100.
Let's study the salaries of scientists by region of the country:
- Chuvash Republic– 15,000 (associate professor) and 17,000 RUB / 258-293 USD (professor);
- Volgograd– Doctor of Science in philological format - 20,000 rubles. / 344 USD;
- Novgorod region– in the field of biology, a professional earns 16,520 rubles. / $284;
- Ulyanovsk– professors of chemistry departments receive 26,000 RUB monthly;
- Bashkiria– qualified associate professors at 1.5 rates have an income of 30,000 rubles;
- Novosibirsk– the chief employee of the Russian Agricultural Academy has a salary of 27,000 rubles. (in hand – 23,700 rubles). The expert's specialization is based on laboratory research;
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences– the scientist’s accrued salary is 30 thousand rubles / 517 bucks;
- Perm region, Chelyabinsk region and Kirov region– from 10 thousand rubles / 172 dollars;
- Karelia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Saratov region and many others. others - 10 -20 thousand rubles monthly;
- Bashkortostan, Udmurtia, Tyumen region– 20 -30 thousand rubles per month / 345 – 517 USD;
- Moscow, St. Petersburg– 80,000 – 90,000 rub. per month / $1379-1551. However, in practice there are assistant professors who receive 28,900 RUB. Such experts have published more than 20 monographs and several patents.
Positive dynamics of development
According to the results of the organization's research FANO in 2013, the salary of senior staff at research institutes was 40,540 rubles/ 698 USD This rate has increased by 15% compared to the previous year. Positive dynamics of salary growth for scientists has been observed in the Russian Federation since 2012.
The RAS operates in many areas and includes 14 scientific councils.
Let's analyze the main financial points:
- in 2013, the state budget allocated 68 billion RUB for the maintenance of the academy;
- the amount of 15.5 billion rubles was collected from sources outside state funds;
- 2005 – the salary of a RAS scientist was 5,000 rubles;
- 2006 - salary reached 10,000 rubles / 172 bucks;
- beginning of 2007 – revenue started from 11,500 RUB / 198 USD;
- The end of 2015 was marked by an increase in the salaries of academicians to an average of 21,000 rubles.
Soviet-era scientists earned from 250 before 2000 rubles monthly. The final level of income was tied to the position and scientific degree of the expert.
Professors had a personal rate and additional benefits.
Today, the Russian scientist has the following price list:
- Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences – 100,000 RUB / 1,724 dollars;
- corresponding member of the organization - 50,000 rubles / 862 bucks;
- current academician of the State Academy of Sciences – 60,000 rubles. / 1034 USD;
- approved core members of GAN – 30,000 RUB / 517 USD;
- in 2017, the salaries of specialists increased by 10 and 20 thousand rubles, respectively.
System privileges has the following structure:
- participation free of charge in various events;
- admission to international conferences;
- availability of benefits for the publication of international publications;
- receiving personal mailings for scientific collections;
- registration of individual grants;
- the opportunity to be published in popular publications;
- obtaining a scientific degree.
In 2017, the average salary of a RAS academician was 50,000 rubles/ 862 bucks. In the coming years it is expected reforms, which will affect the supply of new equipment, the technical base and salaries of higher education staff.
Gradation has the following form:
- junior researcher – 18-20 thousand rubles / 310-344 USD;
- academician in the field of physics – 38 thousand RUB / 655 USD;
- biology specialist – 27 thousand rubles. / $466
Salaries of specialists in Belarus
The average salary level for scientists in Belarus is 1008 rubles/ $514. Scientific activities are paid at the proper level in the country.
The career path of a professor, as a rule, is 20 years.
How much does the work of scientists cost?
Artificially creating the appearance of successful development of Russian science by inflating just one indicator - publication activity - is a global deception of the world scientific community and themselves. Having appealed for a long time and to no avail to the Ministry of Science and Higher Education about the inadmissibility of such a method for determining the effectiveness of fundamental scientific research, the researchers took action. Remembering the ancient truth that saving drowning people is the work of the drowning people themselves, as well as the fact that the Russian Academy of Sciences is endowed with the function of scientific and methodological management of institutes, members of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences created a working group to develop proposals for the effectiveness of Russian science. Its first meeting took place on March 6. The initiator of the creation of such a group was the ex-director of the Physico-Technical Institute. A.F. Ioffe RAS, who replaced Nobel laureate Zhores Alferov in this post in 2003, academician Andrei ZABRODSKY. MK writes about this.
At the presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which preceded the meeting of the group, he raised the question of the real task posed to scientists to increase the productivity of Russian science and contrasted it with the demand for a sharp, two-fold increase in publications in international databases (IDB) in 2019. It is motivated by the doubling of salaries according to the May 2012 presidential decree and the task of doubling the number of publications of Russian scientists in the IBD in the 2018 decree. Zabrodsky proposed to understand the real situation. He reminded his colleagues that the qualification characteristics of scientific workers that exist today and the level of their salaries were established approximately 12 years ago. And in connection with the inflation index, which over the years amounted to 2.5 times, scientists had to raise their salaries without any additional conditions. They doubled the salaries of other public sector employees: the military, doctors, teachers, and officials. This is how it used to be with scientists...
However, for some reason they were treated differently now - they were required to redouble their zeal. Apparently, for double the salary. “Even though an increase in the number of publications is a very real thing, the salary that researchers bring home has not changed that much,” explained Zabrodsky. - As you know, the campaign to increase salaries in academic institutions was accompanied by a general decrease in employment. That is, research assistants work to the limit, 10-12 hours a day, despite the fact that they are officially listed as part-time. It is a fiction so that we can formally report to the top about a twofold increase in the scientist’s salary.”
The situation, according to the ex-director, is aggravated by the low labor productivity of Russian scientists and worn-out material resources. Trying to meet the standard for the number of publications, a researcher is forced to publish less developed, sometimes raw, materials. Moreover, ideally, each article involves testing at conferences, but he simply does not have time for this. “The question arises: for whom are we publishing articles? - Zabrodsky is indignant. - Not for the same abstract official who gives us money. Previously, there were no such annual reports, but the country was doing great science, scientists felt trust from the authorities and tried to justify this trust with real results. We had a case at Phystech when a paper written on just two pages received the Lenin Prize! Nowadays they would hardly pay attention to its significance, and they would even punish the author with a ruble for not reaching the standard for the amount of writing. In scientometrics, which is still a science, the abuse of any one indicator is unacceptable. The number of publications must be balanced by their quality.”
In fact, the productivity of our science, according to Andrei Zabrodsky, is falling in comparison with developed countries. Meanwhile, its front line requires such good technical equipment as the army. “If we now compare our and Western scientists with soldiers, then ours is a warrior with a primitive rifle - a “three-line”, and his opponent is a well-equipped modern soldier with a laser sight and a “smart” helmet.” And here’s what’s interesting: despite the sad situation with the financing of academic institutions, it is impossible to say that the country has no money for science. “They are generously allocated to new subjects of scientific activity: HSE and other leading universities, Skolkovo, Kurchatov Institute,” says Andrei Zabrodsky. “About two weeks ago, TV channels reported that 20 leading universities in the country were receiving 10 billion rubles for development in 2019.”
Perhaps universities have no problems with the accelerated growth in the number of publications? “Perhaps they are not so acute there,” states Zabrodsky. - Due to the massive repurchase of publications from researchers at academic institutes... And this despite the fact that we have been waiting for 30 years for a serious update of our instrument base. Over the years, the material base of our institutes has worn out completely, the wear and tear of basic equipment, for example, in the Physico-Technical Institute named after. A.F. Ioffe is more than 80%. And yet, academic institutions today provide almost half of all scientific publications, and the vast majority of publications by domestic scientists in highly rated journals.
In general, the problem has become very serious. And the academy must save itself, like that Munchausen. Moreover, it has the authority to develop methods for organizing the work of scientists. “Our task is to offer another, reasonable solution and achieve its implementation,” says the academician. “We are not demanding that scientometrics be completely abolished, but let’s at least balance the number of publications with their quality.”
The academician cited as an example last year's rule established by the ministry about an increasing coefficient for an article if it was published in a high-quartile journal (highly rated, which obviously does not accept low-quality articles). “For some reason they decided to abandon this rule this year,” Zabrodsky is perplexed. “Although it was quite reasonable.” The second proposal is to avoid penalizing institutions and their leaders for failing to realize a given surge in publications. “The entire country increases efficiency by only 1.5% per year, but from us, without much difficulty in justifying it, they demand 30! “This is a very difficult task, almost impossible under current conditions,” says Andrei Georgievich.
Additional payment for the title of academician and similar incentive payments to teachers and researchers are an effective incentive to contribute to scientific achievements. This article will tell you about the fate of these allowances.
Additional payment to salary for the titles of Doctor and Candidate of Sciences
One of the stages of the education reform was the current law “On Education in the Russian Federation” dated December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ, clause 11 of Art. 108 which determined the fate of additional payments for scientific degrees and official allowances.
According to this paragraph, the previously existing system of additional payments for positions and degrees to university employees has been abolished, and the amounts due for additional payments are included in the salary.
Thus, from January 1, 2013, the payment of bonuses for academic degrees was stopped, but this did not lead to a decrease in the real income of teachers and other university employees with academic degrees, since salaries were increased.
FOR REFERENCE: in view of the previously in force clause 5 of Art. 30 of the Law “On Higher Education...”from 08/22/1996№ 125-FZ candidates and doctors of science were entitled to 3,000 and 7,000 rubles. respectively. There were also bonuses for the positions of associate professor and professor - in the amount of 40 and 60 percent of the salary. According to Art. 110 of the mentioned law, since 2013 these norms have lost force.
RAS bonus in 2016
Similar events were held in scientific organizations (RAN, RAMS, RASN, RAO and similar academies).
It is worth noting that, in view of the previously valid clause 3 of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation “On the establishment of ...” dated 07/06/1994 No. 807, employees of scientific organizations were entitled to similar monthly bonuses if they had a degree - 3,000 and 7,000 rubles.
But for citizens who have the titles of academicians and corresponding members of academies, according to paragraph 4 of the indicated resolution, such bonuses were not previously paid. Since the very presence of these scientific titles presupposes the payment of a special academic bonus.
NOTE! By Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation “On the recognition ...” of March 29, 2014 No. 245, the specified procedure for calculating additional payments for academic degrees was canceled. And salaries for employees of scientific organizations have been significantly increased.
It should be added that, despite the increase in real incomes of scientists, the reform carried out caused a lot of criticism.
Nevertheless, as of January 1, 2017, by virtue of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation “On the Establishment...” of May 22, 2008 No. 386, Russian scientists working in state scientific organizations are entitled to the following academic allowances:
Don't know your rights?
What the RAS professors and Assistant to the President of the Russian Federation Andrei Fursenko argued about, how Phystech distinguished itself, whether new lines of grants will no longer be for young scientists and what the head of the RAS Alexander Sergeev thinks about Russian brains, read the report from the site from the meeting of RAS professors.
Two years ago, a new title appeared at the Russian Academy of Sciences. Professors of the Russian Academy of Sciences were added to the corresponding members and academicians. This honorary title is awarded for scientific achievements and participation in the life of the Academy. It is assigned to scientists no older than 50 years old and who are not members of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Although formally their status is lower than that of full members of the Academy, they often participate in the life of the scientific community and the work of the Russian Academy of Sciences more than academicians.
Today, November 30, at the House of Scientists there was a meeting of RAS professors with the President of the Academy Alexander Sergeev, Vice-President of the RAS Alexei Khokhlov, Deputy Minister of Education and Science Grigory Trubnikov and Assistant to the President of Russia Andrei Fursenko. Scientists complained about salaries, asked for new lines of grants, science officials told how to live further.
Alexander Sergeev admitted that two years ago, at the height of the Academy’s reform, he considered the introduction of a new title “Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences” to be an unnecessary undertaking. “It seemed to me that adding professors would make the structure of the Academy even looser. We had institutions. What is the Academy of Sciences? Two thousand academicians, 500 staff people. On the contrary, it seemed that it was necessary to somehow consolidate in the structure of the Academy of Science and not allow such further erosion,” he said. But Sergeev’s doubts were not confirmed. “It turned out that this was really fresh, young blood that poured into the Academy of Sciences. And in a number of areas it is clear that RAS professors are even more active than the bulk of our elected members of the Academy of Sciences,” he explained. Therefore, the leadership of the Russian Academy of Sciences will support professors, but will not increase their composition.
Andrei Fursenko reminded the professors about the last meeting and talked about the fact that a turning point is coming in science, that areas of research are emerging, for example, cognitive science, in which humanities research is mixed with natural science. Grigory Trubnikov reminded scientists of the main thing - the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of Russia (SNTR), within the framework of which all the country's scientific workers will have to live.
Money, grants, salary
The welcoming speeches and reports of Sergeev, Fursenko and Trubnikov did not last long. After half an hour they decided to move on to questions, and the meeting immediately became lively. The first question concerned salaries.
An employee of the Institute of Geoecology, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences Petr Miklyaev asked Trubnikov how SNTR would work in practice, because it is with practice that problems usually arise. Thus, the May decrees say that the salary of scientific employees should be twice the average salary in the region, but in reality people receive 15-20 thousand rubles. “Now institutions are forced, as we know, to engage in postscripts, in fact falsification of data and, in general, one can say, deception on a state scale. I know that some institutions refuse to participate in this, but the majority are participating,” he said. Grigory Trubnikov replied that he did not know about a single fact of such fraud. “I communicate with my colleagues in the Physical Sciences Department. Indeed, there is a lot of noise, but so far I have not seen a single such fact,” answered the deputy minister. But Miklyaev continued: “In my institute, the average salary is reported to be 80 thousand rubles, and employees receive 15-20 thousand rubles, do you understand? This is a fact."
It was not clear why the Deputy Minister of Education and Science was responsible for the salaries of scientific employees, and Alexander Sergeev came to his aid. He recalled that these issues relate to FANO. “He is not to blame,” said Sergeev, pointing to Trubnikov. However, the deputy minister still tried to answer: “The next year the government added several tens of billions of rubles to science to increase salaries. These are colossal funds, and such steps have not been taken for probably 15 years,” he explained. And yet scientists could not understand why they were told about some billions when they did not have them.
After salaries we moved on to grants. One of the RAS professors proposed creating a line of grants for scientists aged 40 to 55 years. Thus, grants are provided for young scientists, but not for other ages. “It is very difficult for a person to cross this barrier in 40 years; according to scientific indicators, it is difficult to compete with people who are 60-70 years old,” he complained. Trubnikov answered again. According to him, the government is discussing the issue of introducing new grants to the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. “We want to introduce a new grant line for ages somewhere from 37 to 43, in this range,” Trubnikov said and added that, after all, the Ministry of Education and Science has a limited budget and “it is very difficult to fight with the Ministry of Finance for increased funding.”
Director of the Institute of Macromolecular Compounds Sergei Lyulin turned to Andrei Fursenko. He was worried that the authorities were not drawing conclusions from the reforms and were not giving scientists a sense of stability. “For any reforms to be positive, a certain stability is missing. We need to fix the rules and play by them for about five years,” Lyulin noted. “There is a big gap between the restructuring and reforms that are happening at the top, and the understanding of these reforms at the bottom, how exactly will they end for people who can plan their future in science?”
Andrei Fursenko did not answer immediately and returned to the question of money. In his opinion, the words about salaries of 15 thousand are a deception. “Ask a person who earns 15-20 thousand for his tax return, income for the year. I guarantee you that none of your colleagues who say that they earn 15-20 thousand, according to their tax return, have an annual income of 150 thousand rubles. They checked it repeatedly,” Fursenko doubted.
He also remembered the notorious 1.77% of GDP for science from the May presidential decrees and added that even if this money existed, there would simply be nothing to spend it on. “The development and use of this money properly is currently impossible. Today we do not have enough human capital, we do not have enough large-scale tasks today in which money could be invested on such a scale,” Fursenko said.
“Let us tell you”
In between questions about money and salaries, RAS professors asked government officials about the new law on science and the Bologna system. Both Trubnikov and Fursenko agreed that the current draft law needs to be finalized and rewritten. Regarding the question of whether Russian universities will continue to work according to the Bologna system, or whether there is hope to return the specialty, Grigory Trubnikov answered: “We shouldn’t have abandoned the specialty, that’s my opinion.” The audience clapped in surprise, someone exclaimed “wow!”
But the mutual understanding was short-lived. They started talking about money again. “One could very roughly divide institutes into three categories, working, for example, on the topic of biotechnology. Institutes that are already working in priority areas receive quite significant funding, and the average salary there is 80-90 thousand. In leading universities, researchers, not only those from Moscow, have an average salary of teaching staff (faculty and teaching staff - website note) 140 thousand rubles,” Trubnikov said. And then the hall could not stand it.
“Excuse me, but which ones specifically? I would like to hear,” the scientists shouted. “For example, Phystech,” Trubnikov gave an example. “Do you know that Phystech allows people to pay a 1% rate?” - asked one of the participants. “How long do they work?” - Fursenko asked in turn. “And they work more. For example, we were given one rate for the entire department and then divided by 10%, well, that’s normal. People get 6% rates,” his opponent replied. “You don’t know, let us tell you,” someone shouted at the end of the hall. Fursenko was not allowed to speak. “Can I finish? I never interrupted you, what kind of people are they? Or is that the way it is with you?” - the presidential assistant was indignant. “How long can you say the same thing?” - the meeting participant did not let up. “How long can you say the same thing?” - Fursenko began to get irritated. The atmosphere became tense, and even the Vice-President of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Alexei Khokhlov, had to intervene. Andrei Fursenko still managed to soften his worried colleagues with an anecdote, after which he and Trubnikov left.
Already answering questions, Sergeev spoke about scientific exchange with other countries and mobility. “They Western countries make sure that they don’t need anything from us except brains. This is another very significant point of mobility. I collaborate a lot with foreign countries, I travel and look, but let’s keep in mind that it’s not that simple. And they are waiting for us there with open arms, not only to develop some new technologies, but also case that they have little brains. Our Russian brains are much more valuable than the brains that come from Southeast Asia,” Sergeev summed up.
In Russia, for the third year in a row, the staff of scientists in institutes and organizations financed from the budget continues to be reduced. As Finanz.ru reports with reference to Rosstat, at the end of 2016 the total number of scientific employees in budgetary institutions amounted to 80,211 people. Compared to 2013, there were fewer of them by more than 27 thousand people, or 25%. The reason for the layoffs is a sharp reduction in government funding for science. According to the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, last year 268 billion rubles were allocated from the budget for scientific articles. This is only 1.6% of the total federal budget - the minimum level for 12 years.
For 2017, allocations are planned to increase to 336 billion rubles. However, we are only talking about restoring funding for the space program, which was cut almost 5 times in 2016. It was decided to reduce the budget of the Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations (FANO) by 10% to 74.6 billion rubles. “Fundamental science in all countries, even the most developed, is an area of financial responsibility of the state. And if, as now in Russia, the share of the country’s GDP that is allocated to fundamental research is one and a half to two times lower than in Hungary, Greece, For Poland and Portugal, not to mention more developed countries, talking about any leading positions means deliberately throwing dust in the eyes,” says Evgeniy Onishchenko, a physicist at the Lebedev Physical Institute, a member of the Central Council of the Trade Union of Workers of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
According to Onishchenko, in the near future, scientific organizations may face a new wave of layoffs: the management of the institutes needs to comply with the presidential decree requiring that the average salary in the scientific field be no lower than 200% of the regional average. “If institutes are strictly required to increase the salaries of scientific staff, cuts, especially in Moscow and St. Petersburg institutes, are inevitable,” Onishchenko believes.
Meanwhile, economist, head of the Department of International Capital Markets at the Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences Yakov Mirkin provided data about the average salaries of teachers at Russian universities for January-December 2016: “The food is served! The average salary of university teachers in Russia is 55 thousand rubles (2016, Rosstat), in Moscow - 94 thousand rubles, in St. Petersburg - 68 thousand. rub., in the Pskov region - 32 thousand rubles, in Dagestan - 29 thousand rubles.
The average salary of scientific employees in Russia (federal property) is 54 thousand rubles. (2016, Rosstat), in Moscow - 62 thousand rubles, in St. Petersburg - 53 thousand rubles, in the Pskov region - 23 thousand rubles, in Dagestan - 25 thousand rubles.
The average salary of teachers in municipal schools in Russia is 29 thousand rubles. (2016, Rosstat), in Moscow - 67 thousand rubles, St. Petersburg - 48 thousand rubles. (urban), Pskov region - 20 thousand rubles, Dagestan - 19 thousand rubles. The average salary of doctors with higher education in Russia (municipal medicine) is 39 thousand rubles. (2016, Rosstat), in Moscow - 87 thousand rubles. (urban), St. Petersburg - 71 thousand rubles. (urban), Kursk and Voronezh regions - 12 thousand rubles, Pskov region - 14 thousand rubles, Dagestan - 27 thousand rubles.
The point is not that it is not enough. Many other workers have much less. And it’s not about whether the statistics are true, because everyone can receive much less at their own university. And it’s not about tearing more away from the state. And it’s not even about comparing yourself with Paris, London or Frankfurt (they have their own problems). The point is to ask ourselves the question: could we have spent these 25 years more usefully? With greater speed, greater prosperity, at least as an “Asian economy”, if we are “Eurasians”. And if they could, what should we do next to make this happen?
Cognitive statements
Interests of Agafya Pshenitsyna
Wondering if he still loves. Fortune telling for a loved one. Free fortune telling for love and relationships online
Jerky (turkey, chicken, beef, lamb, pork) Turkey jerky recipe
October 8th of the year what lunar day