Orvi in \u200b\u200badults: complications, diagnostic methods, principles of treatment and prevention. Is it possible to get ARVI again

ARVI (acute respiratory viral infections) is a group of acute infectious diseases caused by a group of viruses that affect the mucous membranes, mainly of the respiratory tract and conjunctiva of the eyes. These infections rank first in the world among all infectious diseases. An adult is ill with ARVI on average 2-3 times a year, a child 6-8 times. What causes this disease, what is the mechanism of its development and the main clinical signs, you could get acquainted in the first part of our article. Here we will talk about the possible complications of ARVI and will consider the issues of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this disease.

Complications of ARVI

Any acute respiratory viral infection can cause complications, both viral and arising from the layering of a bacterial infection. The likelihood of developing complications is higher in:

• children under 3 years old, especially under 1 year old;
• elderly people;
• persons with severe somatic pathology (diabetes mellitus) and chronic circulatory disorders;
• persons after undergoing surgery;
• persons with immunodeficiencies (HIV, congenital pathology of the immune system).

The following complications are most commonly diagnosed:

• inflammation of the bronchi (), bronchioles () and lungs ();
• inflammation of the paranasal sinuses (sinusitis: frontal sinusitis,);

Complications from the nervous system (polyradiculoneuritis, meningitis, meningoencephalitis, convulsive syndrome) are less common, but they are very difficult to tolerate by patients and often pose a threat to life.

With severe intoxication of the patient's body, heart failure, myocarditis are possible.

Hemorrhages on the skin and mucous membranes are complications of severe forms of influenza.

A serious complication in young children requiring urgent medical attention is, or acute stenosis of the larynx.

Diagnostics of ARVI

The diagnosis of ARVI is usually not difficult for the doctor. It is displayed on the basis of the patient's complaints, the medical history (acutely ill after contact with the patient), taking into account the epidemiological data.

During an objective examination of the patient, the specialist will pay attention to signs of inflammation in the mucous membrane of the conjunctiva, nose, pharynx and other parts of the respiratory tract, and will also assess the severity of intoxication (heart rate, shortness of breath).

To confirm the diagnosis, the patient may be assigned additional examination methods:

• general blood test (ESR will be increased, lymphocytosis is possible);
• general urine analysis (to exclude pathology of the urinary system);
• examination of a smear-print taken from the nasal mucosa by PCR and RIF methods (in order to determine the type of virus).

To diagnose possible complications according to indications, an X-ray examination of the paranasal sinuses, lungs, as well as consultations of related specialists - an otolaryngologist, a neurologist, can be prescribed.

Principles of ARVI treatment

A plentiful drink rich in vitamins will help the body to defeat ARVI faster.

Acute respiratory viral infections of mild and moderate severity are subject to treatment on an outpatient basis, while severe ones - in a hospital setting. The treatment is carried out by a local therapist or family doctor, in a hospital - as a rule, an infectious disease specialist. In the presence of complications, doctors of narrow specialties are involved in the treatment - ENT, neurologist, pulmonologist ...

The patient is released from work for the entire period of the illness - he is issued a certificate of incapacity for work.

The volume of therapeutic measures directly depends on the nature of the pathology and the severity of the course of the disease.

ARVI treatment should be carried out in a comprehensive manner and include both non-drug and drug therapy methods.

The most important component of treatment is the correct microclimate in the room where the patient is. When you stay in hot and dry places, mucous membranes dry out and lose their ability to perform their most important functions in fighting infection. Therefore, the room of an ARVI patient should be cool (the optimum air temperature is 18–20 ° C) and humid (air humidity is 60–65%). Many people consider the recommended air temperature, to put it mildly, too cool, but the combination of just such numbers of temperature and humidity will improve the patient's well-being and speed up his recovery. Of course, the patient's home clothes must correspond to the air temperature: thin pajamas will not be enough.

The second component of non-drug treatment is an abundant warm drink. A patient with ARVI, especially a febrile one, loses a lot of fluid with sweat, which is separated from the inflamed mucous membranes. It is necessary to make up for these losses. In addition, a person who drinks a lot urinates more often, and metabolic products of viruses and toxins come out with urine, therefore, the manifestations of intoxication are reduced. You can drink whatever you want: warm milk with honey, compotes, herbal teas, fruit and vegetable juices and fruit drinks, mineral water. Alcoholic and carbonated drinks should be excluded.

Do not forget about the importance of full-fledged, rich in vitamins (A, C, group B) and microelements necessary for recovery. Difficult to digest and unhealthy (fried, smoked, spicy) foods should be excluded from the diet. Dishes consumed by the patient should be mechanically gentle and warm. If the appetite is reduced, you do not need to force yourself to eat by force - after a while the appetite will normalize on its own.

Bed rest for mild and moderate forms of ARVI can be disregarded, however, it is important to rest as much as possible and minimize contact with people so as not to infect them and avoid re-infection yourself.

Drug therapy for ARVI includes etiotropic (that is, acting on the causative factor - the virus), pathogenetic (detoxification) and symptomatic (alleviating the patient's condition by reducing certain unpleasant symptoms for him) therapy.

Etiotropic antiviral therapy is effective only when it is prescribed on time, namely when the first symptoms of the disease appear. Usually prescribed drugs such as Interferon, Groprinosin, Isoprinosine (in pediatric practice), Kagocel, Arbidol, Amizon, Anaferon, Imunoflazid, Proteflazid, Oseltamivir.

As symptomatic therapy, drugs of the following groups can be used:

• antipyretics (paracetamol (Panadol), ibuprofen (Nurofen)); it is worth noting that temperatures up to 38.5 ° C do not require the use of antipyretics, since it is with such figures that the immune system actively functions, that is, the body fights the disease; an exception is made by persons with diseases of the central nervous system, for example, those suffering from epilepsy: they may develop convulsive syndrome even with a slight increase in temperature;
• antiviral and antibacterial eye drops (Albucid, Tobrex, Okuloheel) - with conjunctivitis;
• (xylometazoline, oxymetazoline) - with nasal congestion; it is important to know that these drops should not be used for more than 4–5 days in a row, as addiction may develop to them;
• (Aquamaris, Marimer, No-salt) - to liquefy mucus when;
• antihistamines (cetirizine (Cetrin), loratadine (Lorano), etc.) - to exclude the allergic component of inflammation and reduce swelling of the mucous membranes;
• anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents for the throat in the form of lozenges (Neo-angin, Strepsils, Aji-sept, Decatilen) and sprays (Ingalipt, Orasept, Angilex, Tera-flu);
• : expectorants (plantain syrup of Dr. Taiss, Eucabal, Prospan) and mucolytics (based on ambroxol (Lazolvan, Ambrobene), acetylcysteine \u200b\u200b(ACC));
• for the purpose of detoxification - sorbents (Sorbex, Atoxil); in severe cases, in a hospital setting - infusion therapy (intravenous drip of solutions: saline, rheosorbilact);
• in order to improve immunity - immunomodulators (preparations of echinacea, ginseng, lemongrass);
• during the period of convalescence (recovery) - multivitamin preparations (Vitrum, Multitabs, Duovit).

Antibiotics for ARVI

Since antibiotics are drugs that act on bacteria, and ARVI, as you know, cause viruses, the appointment of drugs of this group for ARVI is impractical. However, if within 3 days (72 hours) after the onset of the disease, the patient's condition does not improve or even worsens (both according to the patient's subjective sensations and according to the doctor's examination), then it is implied a layering of the bacterial flora on the viral infection, which requires the prescription of antibiotics.

It is necessary to take a broad-spectrum drug, since it is not known which type of microbe complicated the course of the disease of a particular patient. Of course, you can conduct an examination, place the material taken from the patient on a nutrient medium, wait until the culture of microorganisms grows, and determine their sensitivity to antibacterial drugs, but these studies will take almost a week, and the patient during this time will not receive the treatment he needs ... In order not to waste time, the doctor prescribes an antibiotic immediately after establishing such a need for them, more often using drugs from the aminopenicillin group (Augmentin, Flemoxin solutab, Amoxiclav) and cephalosporins (Zinnat, Cefodox, Cefix).

Antibiotics should not be taken irregularly and less than the period recommended by the doctor, since the bacteria weakened by the drug, but still living, will regain strength and, moreover, will lose sensitivity to this drug. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly observe the dosage prescribed by the specialist and the regimen of the drug. On average, an antibiotic should be taken within 3 days after the body temperature normalizes, then it can be canceled.

ARVI prevention

About a month before the expected flu epidemic, it is advisable to vaccinate against this disease. Vaccination does not exclude the possibility of getting sick, but it provides an easier course of the disease with a minimum of complications.

Methods of specific prevention of ARVI (vaccination) are currently not effective enough - only influenza vaccination makes sense. According to the rules, it should be carried out 2-4 weeks before the start of the epidemic. Vaccines such as Influvac, Vaxigripp, Grippol, etc. have proven themselves.

Of the non-specific preventive measures, the following should be observed:

• minimize visits to crowded places during an epidemic; if this is not possible, then it is important to remember that it is better to contact people on the street than indoors (for example, to prefer a market to a store) - in the open air the concentration of infectious agents is many times less than in a poorly ventilated room;
• wash your hands often, do not touch your mouth, eyes, avoid shaking hands;
• moisturize the nasal mucosa using saline or saline solutions;
• often ventilate the house, carry out wet cleaning in it, maintain optimal air humidity;
• carry out hardening procedures;
• periodically use immunomodulators (licorice syrup, echinacea preparations, IRS-19, Imudon, Ribomunil, etc.);
• during epidemics, take vitamins, especially ascorbic acid.

In order not to get infected from a family member suffering from ARVI, in addition to the measures indicated above, it is necessary to provide him with individual dishes, contact with the patient as little as possible, and if contact cannot be avoided, put on a gauze bandage that covers both his mouth and nose. In order to disinfect the room in which the patient is located, it is advisable to regularly conduct quartzing in it (room).

Forecast

In the overwhelming majority of cases, the prognosis for ARVI is favorable - the disease ends in full recovery. In the case of the development of severe complications (pulmonary edema, meningoencephalitis, meningitis), with their late diagnosis and the absence of adequate treatment, the prognosis worsens significantly - the patient's disability and even death are possible.

Medical company "Science", a specialist talks about the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory infections and acute respiratory viral infections:

Pediatrician E.O. Komarovsky talks about the treatment of ARVI in children:

The route of transmission of viruses is airborne. People with weakened immune systems are most likely to get acute infections during cold periods, this happens especially often.

In order to provide the patient with quality care, the doctor prescribes drugs with a complex spectrum of action. Next, we will consider what kind of disease it is, what are the causes and symptoms in adults, as well as how to treat ARVI to quickly restore the body.

What is ARVI?

ARVI are airborne infections caused by viral pathogens that mainly affect the respiratory system. Outbreaks of respiratory viral infections occur all year round, but the epidemic is more often observed in autumn and winter, especially in the absence of high-quality prevention and quarantine measures to identify cases of infection.

During periods of peak incidence, ARVI is diagnosed in 30% of the world's population, respiratory viral infections are several times higher in frequency of occurrence of other infectious diseases.

At first glance, the difference between ARVI and ARI is insignificant. However, the causative agent of acute respiratory infections can be a virus (influenza) or bacteria (streptococcus), the causative agent of acute respiratory viral infections is only a virus.

The reasons

SARS are caused by a variety of viruses belonging to different genera and families. They are united by a pronounced affinity for the cells of the epithelium lining the respiratory tract. Acute respiratory viral infections can cause different types of viruses:

Getting into the body through the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract or the conjunctiva of the eyes, viruses, entering the epithelial cells, begin to multiply and destroy them. In places where viruses are introduced, inflammation occurs.

The source of infection is a sick person, especially if this person is in the initial stage of the disease: feeling unwell and weak until the person realizes that he is sick, having already isolated the virus, he infects his environment - the work collective, fellow travelers in public transport, family.

The main route of transmission of infection is airborne, with small particles of mucus and saliva released when talking, coughing, sneezing.

For the development of ARVI, the concentration of the virus in the environment is of great importance. So, the fewer viruses get on the mucous membranes, the lower the percentage of the likelihood of developing the disease. A high saturation of viruses is preserved in a closed room, especially with a large crowd of people. The lowest concentration of viruses, on the other hand, is observed in the open air.

Risk factors

Provoking factors contributing to the development of infection:

• hypothermia;
• stress;
• poor nutrition;
• unfavorable ecological situation;
• chronic infections.

It is best to determine how a doctor can treat ARVI. Therefore, if the first symptoms appear, it is necessary to call a local therapist or pediatrician.

Incubation period

The incubation period of acute respiratory viral infections in adults can last from 1 to 10 days, but generally it is 3-5 days.

The disease is highly contagious. Viruses enter the mucous membranes by airborne droplets. You can get sick through touching your hands, dishes, towels, so communication with the patient should be strictly limited.

In order not to infect the rest of the family, the patient must:

• wear a special gauze bandage;
• use only your personal hygiene items;
• process them systematically.

After an illness, immunity does not develop resistance to ARVI, which is due to a large number of different viruses and their strains. Moreover, viruses are susceptible to mutation. This leads to the fact that an adult can get ARVI up to 4 times a year.

If a patient is diagnosed with an illness, he is prescribed antiviral drugs and bed rest until he fully recovers.

The first signs of an acute respiratory viral infection

Usually, a cold starts with a slight discomfort and a sore throat. Some people have an exacerbation of chronic herpes at this time, accompanied by the appearance of characteristic bubbles with liquid in the lips.

The first signs of an acute respiratory viral infection will be:

• pain in the eyes;
• increase in general body temperature;
• a situation in which watery eyes and a runny nose;
• sore throat, dryness, irritation, sneezing;
• an increase in the size of the lymph nodes;
• sleep disorders;
• coughing fits;
• voice changes (if the mucous membranes of the larynx are inflamed).

How much ARVI is contagious for an adult? Experts have found that a person who has caught the virus becomes infectious 24 hours before the very first symptoms of the disease are detected.

Thus, if signs of a respiratory infection appeared 2.5 days after the introduction of the pathogen into the body, then the sick person could infect others starting from 1.5 days after communicating with the previous carrier of the virus.

SARS symptoms in adults

Common features of ARVI: relatively short (about a week) incubation period, acute onset, fever, intoxication and catarrhal symptoms. The symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections in adults develop rapidly, and the faster the response to the invasion of the infection is taken and treatment is started, the easier the immunity will cope with the disease.

• Malaise - muscle weakness and joint aches, you want to lie down all the time;
• drowsiness - constantly tends to sleep, no matter how much time a person sleeps;
• runny nose - not strong at first, just like a clear liquid from the nose. Most attribute this to a sharp change in temperature (I went from the cold into a warm room, and condensation appeared in my nose);
• chills - discomfort when touching the skin;
• sore throat - it can be expressed as a soreness, and a tingling sensation or even cutting in the neck.

Depending on the state of the immune system, the symptoms of SARS may increase or decrease. If the protective functions of the respiratory system are at a high level, it will be very easy to get rid of the virus and the disease will not cause complications.

In addition, if the usual symptoms of ARVI do not go away after 7-10 days, then this will also be a reason to consult a specialist (more often it becomes an ENT doctor).

• A high fever that lasts for five to ten days;
• strong moist cough, aggravated in a horizontal position and with increased physical exertion;
• swollen lymph nodes;
• runny nose;
• sore throat when swallowing.

• Very high fever;
• dry cough that causes chest pain;
• sore throat;
• runny nose;
• dizziness and sometimes loss of consciousness.

• Body temperature up to 38 degrees. It lasts for 7-10 days.
• Rough cough, hoarseness, and change in tone of voice.
• Painful sensations in the chest.
• Runny nose.

If the patient has chronic diseases, then this can lead to an exacerbation. During the period of exacerbation, diseases develop: bronchial asthma, bronchitis, sinusitis, laryngitis, tonsillitis. They worsen a person's condition and make it difficult to treat.

Symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections requiring urgent medical attention:

• temperature above 40 degrees, almost or not responding to taking antipyretic drugs;
• impaired consciousness (confusion, fainting);
• intense headache with inability to bend the neck, bringing the chin to the chest

the appearance of a rash on the body (asterisks, hemorrhages);

chest pain when breathing, difficulty breathing in or out, feeling short of air, coughing up phlegm (pink is more serious);

prolonged, more than five days fever;

the appearance of discharge from the respiratory tract of green, brown color, mixed with fresh blood;

chest pain, not dependent on breathing, edema.

Complications

If during ARVI you do not take the necessary measures to treat it, complications may develop, which are expressed in the development of the following diseases and conditions:

• acute sinusitis (inflammation of the sinuses with the addition of a purulent infection),
• lowering the infection down the respiratory tract with the formation of bronchitis and pneumonia,
• spread of infection to the auditory tube with the formation of otitis media,
• the addition of a secondary bacterial infection (for example, the development of sore throat),
• exacerbation of foci of chronic infection both in the broncho-pulmonary system and in other organs.

Particularly susceptible to this are the so-called "adult" teenagers who cannot sit at home for a minute. It is necessary to have a conversation with them, because complications after ARVI can not only spoil life, there have been cases with a lethal outcome.

Diagnostics

Which doctor will help? If you have or suspect the development of ARVI, you should immediately seek advice from such doctors as a therapist, infectious disease specialist.

For the diagnosis of ARVI, the following examination methods are usually used:

• Examination of the patient;
• Immunofluorescent express diagnostics;
• Bacteriological research.

If a patient has developed bacterial complications, then he is referred for consultation to other specialists - a pulmonologist, an otolaryngologist. If pneumonia is suspected, chest x-rays are taken. If there are pathological changes on the part of ENT organs, then the patient is assigned to carry out pharyngoscopy, rhinoscopy, otoscopy.

How to treat ARVI in adults?

At the first symptoms of the disease, bed rest is necessary. It is necessary to call a doctor to diagnose, determine the severity of the disease. In a mild and moderate form, ARVI is treated at home, a severe form in an infectious diseases hospital.

1. Mode.
2. Reducing intoxication.
3. Impact on the pathogen is the use of antiviral agents for ARVI.
4. Elimination of the main manifestations - runny nose, sore throat, cough.

Drugs for the treatment of ARVI

It is imperative to treat ARVI with the help of antiviral drugs, because the main cause of the disease is the virus. From the first hours of the onset of ARVI symptoms, no later than 48 hours later, they begin to take one of the drugs 2 times a day:

• Amiksin;
• rimantadine or amantadine - 0.1 g each;
• oseltamivir (Tamiflu) - 0.075-0.15 g;
• zanamivir (Relenza).

You need to take antiviral drugs for 5 days.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This category includes:

These drugs have an anti-inflammatory effect, lower temperature indicators, and relieve pain.

You can take combined drugs that contain paracetamol - for example:

Their effectiveness is the same as that of ordinary paracetamol, but they are more convenient to use and reduce the intensity of other symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections due to the presence of phenylephrine and chlorphenamine in the composition.

Antihistamines are needed to reduce signs of inflammation: nasal congestion, swelling of the mucous membranes. The reception of "Loratidin", "Fenistil", "Zirtek" is recommended. Unlike first generation drugs, they do not cause drowsiness.

Against nasal congestion and runny nose with ARVI in adults, vasoconstrictor nasal drops Vibrocil, Nazivin, Otrivin, Sanorin are used.

Do you need antibiotics?

The prognosis for ARVI is generally favorable. A worsening prognosis occurs when complications arise, a more severe course often develops with a weakening of the body, in children of the first year of life, in elderly people. Some complications (pulmonary edema, encephalopathy, false croup) can be fatal.

The main indications for taking antibiotics for colds are the following:

1. An important action is to isolate the patient from society, since the infection will then spread. Being in crowded places, the infected will put them in danger.
2. It is required to observe a number of rules regarding the room where the patient is. This includes wet cleaning, mandatory airing (every 1.5 hours), temperature regime (20-22 °), it is good if the humidity inside the room is 60-70%.
3. A plentiful drink is necessary, it should only be warm. In fact, this is any drink: tea, decoctions, compote, just warm water, etc.
4. Taking a shock dose of vitamin C. In the first days of ARVI, you need to take ascorbic acid up to 1000 milligrams per day.
5. Gargling. The throat should be gargled to prevent the infection from spreading. Gargling can help relieve coughs. A soda-salt solution, decoctions of chamomile, calendula, sage are suitable for gargling.
6. Flush the nose regularly with saline solutions. The cheapest option is saline, you can also use modern drugs Dolphin or Aqua Maris - their effectiveness in comparison with ordinary saline is absolutely identical.
7. Inhalation. This procedure is aimed at relieving coughs. From folk remedies, for inhalation, you can use steam from potatoes "in uniform", as well as decoctions of chamomile, calendula, mint and other medicinal herbs. From modern means, a nibulizer can be used for inhalation.

In the acute stage of the disease, a person has a fever, a serious condition, apathy, loss of appetite, pain in joints, muscles, etc. As soon as the virus begins to "pass", the temperature balance normalizes - perspiration occurs, the pallor of the skin turns into a blush, the patient wants to eat, pulls for sweets.

Food

Food during ARVI treatment should be light, quickly digestible. It is important to maintain a balance of fats, proteins and carbohydrates. For a speedy recovery, it is worth limiting the amount of fat consumed. But you don't need to give up easily digestible carbohydrates. They will replenish energy reserves.

• fresh berries and fruits;
• fresh, boiled and stewed vegetables;
• boiled lean meat and fish;
• any fermented milk products (for example, cottage cheese and sour cream);
• soft-boiled chicken eggs (no more than two per day);
• chicken bouillon;
• a variety of cereals.

• alcoholic drinks (alcohol);
• fried food (meat, cutlets, fish);
• fatty foods;
• very cold drinks;
• carbonated mineral water;
• spicy food (pepper);
• smoked products;
• conservation.

Depending on the stage of recovery, the nutrition of a patient with ARVI can be structured as follows:

• On the first day of illness - baked apples, low-fat yogurt, fermented baked milk.
• On the second or third days - boiled meat or fish, porridge with milk, dairy products.
• On the days of complications of the disease - boiled or stewed vegetables, low-fat dairy products.

Folk remedies for ARVI

You can treat ARVI using the following folk remedies:

1. Brew 1 s.l. in a glass of boiling water. ginger powder, ground cinnamon, add ground black pepper on the tip of a knife. Insist covered for 5 minutes, add 1 tsp. honey. Take a glass every 3-4 hours.
2. Modern healers recommend treating colds with a special mixture of juices. You will need: juice from 2 lemons, 1 crushed garlic clove, 5 mm fresh ginger root, 1 apple with peel, 1 pear with peel, 300 gr. water, 1 tablespoon of honey. If the juice is intended for adults, you can add a 2 cm slice of radish to it. Drink this mixture 2 times a day until you are completely recovered.
3. Inhalation can be done over a container of hot water. To increase efficiency, a chive, extract of needles, fir oil, eucalyptus are added to the liquid. Nasal drops are also made on the basis of these oils.
4. To disinfect the air in the room, you should put a container with onions or garlic in the room. They are rich in beneficial phytoncides that kill viruses.
5. Loss of smell is one of the most unpleasant symptoms of a cold (especially for an aromatherapist!) Chervil, geranium and basil oils can help your trouble. Use them when taking baths and during inhalation.

Prevention

Preventive methods of ARVI include:

• limiting contact with a sick person;
• using a protective gauze mask;
• humidification of the air to avoid drying out of the mucous membranes;
• quartzing of premises;
• ventilation of premises;
• good food;
• playing sports;
• the use of vitamins and fortifying drugs in the off-season;
• personal hygiene.

You will get the maximum result if you carry out the complex treatment of ARVI, take all the medications prescribed by your doctor and remember about bed rest.

Discussion: 6 comments

After suffering bronchitis, every cold immediately coughs ((I already got the hang of immediately increasing the humidity in the room. Then I drink Prospan expectorant syrup and significantly increase the consumption of tea, compote, just warm water. I try to lie down for at least a couple of days. Fortunately, I manage without complications.

I went on a business trip, on the way I felt a slight discomfort. There was a sore throat and pain when swallowing. All my medications, which I usually use for my family, have remained at home. A colleague gave me a package of grammidin with a red scarf. The very next day I felt much better. Really good!

With ARVI, the main thing is to defeat the virus. Therefore, here you need to take antiviral such as Ergoferon. As you defeat the virus, you will be cured immediately.

Thank you for the article.

The body itself must cope only if the temperature stays above 38 and 5 more than three days you need to drink something!

This year, it was possible to avoid ARVI during the epidemic, and I treated my husband with a standard set - rinsing the nose with saline, gargling with eucalyptus and chamomile, from a high temperature - Orvis Flew, it reduces the temperature well and relieves the symptoms of a cold, and rosehip broth more often. Get treatment - do not get treatment, still at least a week on sick leave: ((

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Can you get the flu or SARS again after a few days?

ARVI can be caused by different viruses or just one?

This is not the first time this situation has happened to me.

The fact is - when a person gets a cold - ARVI, acute respiratory infections, flu - all energy is spent on fighting infection and recovering from an illness, and as you know with colds, the body is very weakened, the immune system is weakened, so if a person recovers - and after a few days or for weeks he fell ill again, which means the body did not have time to recover and strengthen.

To prevent this from happening, repeated colds - you need to carry any cold not on your feet, but in bed rest, always heal, and if recovery has come - to strengthen the immune system, avoid repeated chills, mass people with viral infections - ARVI, ARI.

Yes, of course you can get sick again. Indeed, during the period of illness, the body is weakened and it is easiest to pick up a new infection of a different form. Our children in kindergartens and schools are especially susceptible to repeated diseases.

Here, our friends' son in the kindergarten fell ill with ARVI, they cured it in a week, sat at home for a week to recover, then went to the garden and four days later he again had ARVI, fever and snot.

To get sick less often, you need to temper.

In winter, drink vitamins, because the body really lacks them.

And when you are sick to try to give the body the opportunity to fight on its own, and not to stuff yourself with drugs, let immunity develop, but you cannot do without drugs at all, but you do not need to abuse them!

of course you can. it is important to understand that your immunity is still weakened - after an illness, immunity will recover for a very long time, especially since a huge amount of pathogenic bacteria will remain in your body.

moreover, there is a great risk of this especially in the spring and autumn, and if people around you also get sick. then you need to be careful and careful with your health.

remember that various medications, especially antibiotics, greatly lower immunity, especially antibiotics. as Govrits, one is treated, and the other is crippled. so you should know - after an illness, and if you were treated with strong drugs or antibiotics, you need to be vigilant and careful.

Can. Immunity is very weakened. He directs all his forces to fight the virus. Therefore, you need to follow all the doctor's prescriptions, avoid crowded places in order not to get infected and not infect. You can also take a vitamin and mineral complex. And also you can simply not heal your own viral infection or a bacterial one can join. It is also advisable to lead a healthy lifestyle, because bad habits slow down recovery and greatly weaken the immune system in general.

Very much even possible. Suppose you are taking antibiotics to treat one disease. Having drunk them on a course, the body becomes very susceptible to infections and weakened. Accordingly, you can still pick up any infection again. Doctors recommend preparations of bifidobacteria precisely for the purpose of increasing immunity after taking antibiotics.

The body is ill, weakened, the immunity is lame - if they were also treated with antibiotics, and if suddenly contact with a sick person again - ARVI or influenza are provided for you, and the second time, and maybe the third, only there will be another form, and complications will not keep you waiting long.

This year I just got sick twice almost in a row.

So it’s quite possible. After you get sick, your body is weakened, and the flu virus now comes in different forms. You have had a virus in one form, and then you can catch a virus of another form.

I have strengthened my immune system with echinacea.

Yes of course. First, you may not be completely cured and the virus, weakened by the course of treatment, will again take over. Second, the same virus can meet you again from a sick disease vector. So you can get sick again.

It is quite possible if you do not complete the treatment for the first time. And as a rule, after illness, immunity is always weakened and the likelihood of getting sick again is present. It's not for nothing that after suffering ARVI they give a medical tap.

It is possible and such cases are not uncommon. An elderly neighbor went to the clinic last year, treated ARVI, and at the end of her treatment suddenly the temperature rose sharply and all the symptoms of the disease appeared again, so her doctor said that she had already caught another ARVI virus and had to continue treatment again.

Symptoms of ARVI in adults

ARVI is usually called an acute respiratory viral infection, which develops as a result of viruses entering the mucous membrane of the nasal and oral cavity. Harmful germs are transmitted by contact with a sick person, talking or sneezing. ARVI affects not only children, but also adults, women during the period of gestation and feeding and the elderly. If the first symptoms appear, the treatment process should be started immediately. This will help to avoid multiplication and spread of the infection throughout the body. How do ARVI symptoms manifest and how to treat the disease?

Reasons for the development of ARVI

The viruses that cause disease are highly resistant to the environment. They are transmitted by airborne droplets or by direct contact with a sick person. On average, the incubation period lasts from one to five days. Development can be rapid or moderate.

Also, the causes of ARVI can be hidden in the following.

• In the occurrence of regular stressful situations.
• Chronic fatigue.
• Weakening the immune function.
• In poor quality and non-vitaminized food.
• In hypothermia or overheating.
• In the presence of diseases of a chronic nature.
• In a bad environmental situation.
• Lack of vitamins and minerals.
• In a small stay in the fresh air.

Signs of SARS

Often, the first symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections in adults are confused with increased fatigue or pain in the head. But if the patient can carefully listen to himself, then he will understand that the infection is beginning to develop actively.

Since the virus first of all infects the respiratory organs, the first signs of ARVI lie:

• sore throat;
• in increased sleepiness;
• in paroxysmal sneezing;
• in discomfort.

After a few hours or days, the patient begins to show other symptoms.

• Runny nose. There is a discharge from the nose that has a transparent color, but a liquid consistency. However, they are very abundant.
• Temperature rise in degrees This symptom depends on which virus entered the body. Rhinovirus infection usually does not cause a strong rise in temperature.
• Chills. In this case, the patient develops discomfort when touching the skin.
• Aches in muscle and joint tissues.
• Sore throat.
• The onset of pain in the head.

In some cases, there is reddening of the mucous membranes of the visual organs and lacrimation. Dry or wet cough may occur. When the virus enters the bloodstream, a strong intoxication of the body develops, as a result of which the work of the digestive system is disrupted.

Types of ARVI

A viral infection develops as a result of the penetration of various viruses into the body. As a result of this, colds are usually divided:

1. For adenovirus infection. This type of disease is characterized by the development of symptoms in the form of:

increased temperature, which can be kept for five to ten days;

a strong moist cough, which intensifies in the supine position and with high physical exertion;

swollen lymph nodes;

uncomfortable feelings in the larynx.

This type of illness often occurs in childhood from one to six years of age.

For influenza infection. This disease develops rapidly. Although the incubation period ranges from one to five days, the symptoms begin to manifest themselves in the first hours after infection. With ARVI, signs appear in the form:

high temperature, which can reach 40 degrees;

dry and debilitating cough, which causes severe pain in the chest;

sore and reddened throat;

dizziness and loss of consciousness.

Influenza infection is characterized by severe intoxication of the body, therefore, an elevated temperature can be maintained for up to four days. In this case, painful sensations in the head and a feverish state arise, due to which the patient cannot sleep. Influenza is considered a dangerous infection as it leads to many complications. If treatment is not started in the first days, the patient may die.

For parainfluenza infection. This type of disease develops only in childhood. Characterized by:

low temperature, which can be kept around degrees;

The danger of such an infection is that a child often develops a disease such as croup. It leads to suffocation due to narrowing of the larynx walls.

For rotavirus infection. This type of disease is considered highly contagious and affects both children and adults. Rotovirus manifests itself not only with fever, runny nose, sore throat and malaise, but also leads to a severe disorder of the digestive system. As a result, symptoms of ARVI occur in adults and children in the form of nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.

For rhinovirus infection. The virus affects only the nasal mucosa, as a result of which the patient develops a runny nose, sneezing. But the illness can last up to fourteen days.

For rhino-syncytial infection. This virus causes the common cold, but in a milder form. It is similar to parainfluenza, but often leads to bronchitis, as patients ignore the disease.

Diagnosis of ARVI in adults

Before you understand how ARVI is treated in adults, it is worth identifying the virus that caused the disease. To do this, you need to see a doctor. Based on the complaints and accompanying symptoms, he will conduct an examination. After that, an examination is scheduled.

• Donation of blood for general and biochemical analysis.
• A urine test to make sure the kidneys are not affected by the disease.
• Taking a swab from the mouth and nasal cavity to identify the pathogen.
• Rhinoscopy of the front and rear views.
• X-ray examination to examine the paranasal sinuses and chest.

Only after diagnosis, the doctor will be able to tell how to treat ARVI.

Possible complications after ARVI

Very often, adults ignore the symptoms and treatment of ARVI. Because of this, adverse consequences develop. The main complications include the following.

1. Sinusitis of an acute nature, which gradually become chronic. This includes sinusitis and frontal sinusitis. Diseases are characterized by the development of a purulent infection in the paranasal sinuses. With sinusitis, there is usually a rise in temperature up to 38 degrees, pain in the head and eyes, nasal congestion. A runny nose does not always appear, since plugs form in the nasal passages. If there is a discharge, then it is yellow and thick.
2. Bronchitis and pneumonia. In such a situation, the infection descends into the lower respiratory tract. The temperature may rise in degrees, a strong and dry cough may occur, while the sputum comes out with difficulty. Mucus can have a greenish or yellow tint, be mixed with blood or pus.
3. Otitis. Often, this type of complication develops in childhood due to the underdevelopment of the auditory tube and glare to the nasal passages. There is an increase in temperature, pain in the ears, discharge of pus with an unpleasant odor.
4. Angina. Very often, with ARVI, the addition of a bacterial infection is observed. As a result, the patient's voice is lost, the temperature is high and the tonsils are severely inflamed.

If complications are observed with ARVI, then the doctor prescribes antibiotics. In childhood, antibacterial drugs are prescribed in the form of Augmentin, Amoxiclav and Flemoxin. SARS in adults with adverse consequences are advised to drink Azithromycin, Amoxicillin.

The duration of the treatment course is from five to ten days, depending on the severity of the complication.

The process of treating ARVI in adults

Many patients ask the question of how to be treated for ARVI. It is not worth pulling with this, so it is necessary to take funds at the first sign.

Treatment of ARVI in adults includes the following.

1. Direct intake of antiviral drugs. Patients are prescribed Remantadin, Ingavirin, Arbidol. The duration of therapy is seven days.
2. Taking antipyretics when the temperature rises above 38 degrees. You can take paracetamol, aspirin, analgin or ibuprofen with ARVI. You can also purchase drugs in the form of Fervex or Coldrex.
3. The use of cough medicines. With ARVI, a dry type cough very often occurs. Therefore, the main goal of such treatment is to remove sputum from their bronchi. For this, Mukaltin or Ambrobene is prescribed. If the sputum is viscous, then it must be liquefied. For this you need to take ACC. It is impossible to take this type of funds on your own, since the cough reflex may decrease, which will lead to stagnation of mucus in the bronchi and lungs.
4. Reception of immunostimulating agents in the form of Imupret.
5. The use of drugs that increase the production of interferon. This includes Viferon, Grippferon, Anaferon, Ergoferon.
6. Taking medications for the common cold.

Effective treatment of ARVI in adults also includes the following procedures.

• Gargling with various solutions of medicinal herbs, furacilin, soda and salt.
• Irrigation of the tonsils and larynx area. For this, it is recommended to use Hexoral, Tantum Verde, Miramistin.
• Resorption of tablets. Doctors prescribe medications to relieve sore throat. This includes funds in the form of Strepsils, Faringisept, Lizobact, Grammidin, Geksoral, Doctor Mom. The duration of treatment therapy is a maximum of three to four days.
• Treatment of the oral cavity and tonsils with antiseptics and a cotton pad.
• Rinsing the nasal passages with sea salt solution up to five times a day.
• Inhalation with the addition of essential oils, herbs or soda with iodine.

• Taking a shock dose of vitamin C. In the first days of illness, you need to take ascorbic acid up to 1000 milligrams per day.
• Warming up the legs and arms with hot baths. The warming up procedure can be carried out if the patient has no temperature.
• Drinking a lot of fluids. It is necessary to drink not only water, but also warming teas with raspberries, lemon or honey.
• Taking milk with honey at night to relieve sore throat and cough.
• Compliance with bed rest for three to five days. The patient needs to stay in bed more and sleep a lot. It is believed that in a dream a person recovers faster.

Prevention of ARVI in adults and children

If ARVI manifests itself, symptoms, treatment should be recognized immediately. Do not be afraid to contact a doctor, because only he will tell you what to do. If the treatment process was started at the first symptoms, then the duration of the disease can be about three days. But usually ARVI lasts on average from seven to ten days.

But the development of infection can be prevented if you follow a few simple but important rules. This includes:

1. Lack of contact with sick people.
2. Rare visits to public places.
3. Lubrication of the nasal passages with oxolinic ointment. Eucalyptus or fir essential oils can be used. It is believed that they scare off viruses, and in humans they stimulate the production of antibodies.
4. Regular washing of hands and face with laundry or antibacterial soap.
5. Daily airing of the room.
6. Air humidification.
7. Strengthening immune function. This includes carrying out hardening procedures and charging, taking fortified agents.
8. Increasing immunity during the cold season by taking drugs such as Anaferon, Ergoferon, Grippferon, Interferon or Cytovir-3. You need to drink them two or three times a year.
9. Balanced diet. Since natural vitamins are practically absent in winter, a special diet must be followed. You need to take boiled and stewed food. It is worth giving up fast foods, convenience foods and soda.
10. Refusal from addictions in the form of smoking and alcohol consumption.

Is it possible to get ARVI again

Is it possible to get infected with ARVI again and how to prevent it? This question worries people precisely in the autumn and winter seasons. Let's answer it.

Prevention methods

In the winter season, it is necessary to carefully approach the problem of raising immunity.

Therefore, there is no definite answer to the question of whether it is possible to get sick with ARVI again, since this is an individual feature of the organism.

In order not to get sick again and to warn yourself, as well as your loved ones from the disease, you can perform the following methods:

• The child's nutrition is being adjusted. For the first time, the diet should include fruit and vegetable dishes that increase immunity. Chives generally tend to create a protective barrier against viruses. Dried fruits are also very useful for the body - they contain many useful substances.
• School overload also affects the protective properties of the child's body. Rest after school is a must for immunostimulation.
• Essential oils have proven themselves well as preventive measures. If you drop about 3 drops of eucalyptus, cedar or lemon on a cotton swab, then the agent repels the virus well.
• Aromatic bath is an excellent prophylaxis for strengthening the immune system.

Can the human body develop protective properties against influenza?

Having answered the question, is it possible to become infected with ARVI again, you should figure out how the body fights the disease. As soon as viruses get into comfortable conditions for themselves through the nasopharynx, they begin to copy and the human body starts the immune system to fight the disease.

If the treatment process was performed correctly, then in a maximum of a week the body will develop antibodies that will begin to suppress influenza viruses. During this time, the immune system will form an immunity that will attack the virus strains.

It happens when, having had the flu, a person falls ill again. And this is not uncommon!

What can affect the recurrence of the disease?

Recurrent illness can be affected by incorrect treatment. Most often, such signs are observed in adult patients. However, children are also susceptible to this.

We are talking about not fully cured flu. The disease is present in the body, it is dormant. This suggests that she was not healed. The new virus attack has nothing to do with it.

There is a situation when a child again fell ill with ARVI. There is also a clear answer to this. Influenza viruses come in different varieties: A, B, and C. Each of these groups contains different types or strains. Often, the viral flu constantly mutates, which makes it difficult to fight it.

The most dangerous groups are types A and B. Type C influenza virus does not pose a threat to the body.

According to statistics, a person who has recovered from the influenza A virus will not become infected again. Influenza B will not give one hundred percent result in the fact that a person will not become infected, and the type C virus does not guarantee re-infection at all.

The immunity that the body can develop to fight infection lasts up to 2 years on average.

What diagnostic missteps do they make?

Often, flu is a frequent reflection of SARS. These diseases are provoked by pneumotropic viruses. The symptoms of ARVI are similar to each other, so they are usually confused. If a child or an adult is sick, it means that a second ARVI is possible. Any kind of disease weakens the protective functions of the body. Can I get the flu after ARVI? It is quite possible, if not fully cured disease.

Influenza is often confused with other respiratory diseases. For example, adenovirus, reovirus, rhinovirus infections or parainfluenza.

Flu treatment must be treated responsibly and followed through.

When did the temperature rise again?

If you get sick with ARVI again, as a result of which the inflammatory process in the body has resumed, then the problem will be the following: the viruses will get used to the drugs, and they will stop working.

If a child gets sick with ARVI again, adults immediately have a question, what to do in this case? In this case, the treatment regimen of the previous treatment should be different, but it must necessarily include:

• Abundant drink in the form of compote, mineral water, water, chamomile decoction, kefir. You need to drink in small sips every quarter of an hour. In this case, the liquid is absorbed better. The first sign that there is enough fluid in the body is that the child often runs to the toilet.
• If the temperature does not exceed 39 degrees, it is better not to knock it down.
• Temperatures above 39 degrees - wipe the skin with lukewarm water without adding vinegar or vodka. Wipe down every 15 minutes to bring down the temperature well. If this method does not help, then a medication is given or special suppositories are injected. The temperature can last for 5 days and this is normal, but at the same time it should decrease. A child with a temperature that lasts more than three days should be under the supervision of a doctor.
• Drugs that include an antibiotic are not prescribed by a doctor and are harmful to the body.
• The pediatrician prescribes an antiviral drug in cases where the child is often sick.
• When coughing, you need to drink expectorant drugs that remove harmful substances (phlegm) from the body, and do not block it.

Preventive measures

In order not to get sick again, first of all, you need to avoid contact with sick people. A respirator mask will be your best protection in public places. It is necessary to strengthen the immune system.

The most effective preventive measures are:

• timely vaccination;
• taking medications and vitamins;
• strengthening the protective properties of the body by hardening.

Vaccination is a specific type of prophylaxis. It is effective during an epidemic. Vaccinations are carried out from October to November. The vaccine is given in special vaccination centers.

The vaccine needs to be changed every year as the type of virus changes.

• children under 6 months;
• people with an allergic reaction to chicken protein.

Medicines that are prescribed as prophylaxis contain plant-derived substances that strengthen the body's immune system.

The non-specific method of prevention includes the following methods. Among them are:

• ventilate the room;
• personal hygiene;
• less often not to be in public places;
• clothing should be appropriate for the weather.

Complications after an illness

Can you get the flu right after recovery and get complications? This is quite possible, therefore, the treatment must be composed correctly. Complications can seriously harm your health.

When the body is weakened, it is not able to fight microbes, which can provoke complications and cause:

These types of ailments require special attention and timely access to a doctor for help.

What conclusions to draw?

Throughout his life, a person can get sick with ARVI many times. In order to minimize its amount, it is necessary to strengthen the immune system from an early age.

The main task of adults is to protect the child from viral infections by means of preventive methods or to quickly and effectively cope with the disease.

The transferred ARVI does not strengthen the immune system, so they can be repeated several times during the year. This circumstance is also associated with a large number of pathogens of this disease, which is why the symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections in children in each case differ from each other. Recurrent acute respiratory viral infections reduce the body's immunity and resistance, sometimes leading to acute and protracted pneumonia, exacerbations and chronic diseases.

Causes and mechanism of development of ARVI

The causative agents of this group of diseases are viruses. The cause of infection can be any one type or a whole viral association that causes a pathological process. Almost all types of pathogens are characterized by instability to the external environment and microscopic size.

More often, infection occurs from carriers of viruses or sick people. The infection spreads by airborne droplets, through the mucous membrane of the mouth, pharynx and other respiratory tract organs. Adenoviruses and enteroviruses enter the body through the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract.

After the introduction of the virus into the cell, its reproductive activity causes destruction, followed by the development and capture of cells located nearby. The negative effect leads to cell infiltration, degenerative processes and edema. Each viral infection has its own specifics, but the general symptoms are often the same.

Common symptoms of a viral infection

Symptoms of ARVI in children are manifested by a number of characteristic signs that make it possible to establish an accurate diagnosis. Among viral infections, special attention is paid to influenza due to its wide spread and severe forms. The clinical picture of the disease is the same for children of any age.

Already in the first day of the disease, there is a sharp rise in temperature with pronounced symptoms of intoxication. As a result, the child's appetite worsens, lethargy and apathy occur. Older children experience headaches, sometimes nausea and vomiting appear, and activity decreases. At the height of the disease, catarrhal processes are weakly expressed in the form of moderate rhinitis and pharyngitis.

In addition, ARVI is manifested by symptoms in the form of nosebleeds, scleritis and other abnormalities characteristic of vascular changes. Muffled heart sounds, sometimes the liver enlarges. The improvement of the condition begins on the 3-4th day. There comes a decrease in temperature, a weakening of intoxication signs. At the same time, catarrhal processes persist and even intensify. Infection without complications lasts an average of 7 to 10 days.

Symptoms for various types of ARVI

The onset of parainfluenza occurs in an acute form, sometimes its slow, gradual development is noted. The disease begins with a runny nose, slight coughing, fever. Further, there is an increase in symptoms, the development of intoxication, bronchitis and laryngotracheitis. During coughing in older children, an unpleasant, sore pain is felt in the sternum. In babies, the voice becomes hoarse, and the cough is barking with metallic shades.

The main difference between adenovirus infection is a prolonged recurrent course and a long latency period. The oropharynx is affected. Certain types of ARVI viruses cause a rise in temperature, conjunctivitis, pharyngitis and fever that occurs against their background. Sometimes the parenchymal organs and lymph nodes are involved in the inflammatory process. Lower airway involvement is rare.

The lower respiratory tract is more likely to be exposed to respiratory syncytial viral infection. Young children are more likely to suffer from this virus. Its pathological effect is based on the ability to form cell sencitium in tissue cultures. The RS virus enters the body through the bronchi, bronchioles, and also through the nasopharynx. As a result, diffuse bronchitis or bronchiolitis occurs. Intoxication and catarrhal processes are weakly affected, the febrile state is at a low level. The disease lasts 10 - 12 days, sometimes the course can be protracted with the presence of repeated relapses.

Symptoms of ARVI in children can occur under the influence of enterovirus infection. The clinical picture resembles a rhinovirus infection, but additional manifestations are abdominal pain, nausea, and loose stools. The final diagnosis is established after careful examination.

ARVI treatment during lactation

Symptoms and signs of SARS in adults

Attention! The site is for informational purposes only. Do not under any circumstances self-medicate.

Recurrence of SARS in a child: what to do?

According to doctors, relatively frequent relapses of acute respiratory viral infections in a child are the norm. In children, the immune system is still developing, so they are not as protected from viruses as adults. Mom should take care of additional protection and support of children's immunity, especially during the period of seasonal colds.

What to do to stop getting sick?

After ARVI, flu, colds, the immune system is weakened. To avoid relapses, the first two weeks after recovery, you need to protect the child from contact with viruses.

• Avoid going to public places. Banned are shops, children's entertainment centers, theaters. If possible, postpone going to kindergarten for a couple of days, refuse to attend circles and sections so that the child has time to get stronger.
• Refuse visiting and try not to invite guests yourself. It is better for a child to meet friends on a walk in the park than in a stuffy room or a children's cafe.
• Teach your child to wash his hands with soap and water after visiting public places, traveling in transport. Make sure that he does not touch his face: do not scratch his nose, do not rub his eyes with his hands.
• At home, you need to regularly do wet cleaning and ventilate the rooms. In dry and warm air, ARVI, colds and flu viruses multiply more actively than in cool and humid air.
• ARVI can be brought home by parents from work, brothers and sisters from school and kindergarten. To avoid recurrence of viral infections, strictly follow the rules of hygiene. Everyone who comes from the street should first wash their hands and rinse their nose.

Avoiding a relapse of SARS in a child will not help:

• refusal to walk and active games - lack of movement and fresh air will only weaken the immune system;
• an additional layer of clothing - the child should be dressed for the weather so that he does not sweat when moving and does not get cold during a calm walk,
• hardening immediately after recovery - only an absolutely healthy child can be hardened, and it is better to do this in the summer, when the risk of infection is lower.

ARVI prevention

Already the second relapse of ARVI in a child in the last month? If the child often has colds, the mother should discuss with the doctor the means for preventing viral infections. Today in pharmacies you can find drugs that are allowed to be used for the prevention and treatment of colds in children from the first day of life. Modern drugs will protect the baby from frequent illnesses and ease their course, if you still cannot avoid a collision with the virus.

Derinat is a complex drug suitable for the prevention and treatment of colds, flu and SARS in children of any age, as well as for the treatment of acute respiratory infections in adults. There are nasal drops for the little ones. For schoolchildren and teenagers - spray.

Derinat has several useful properties at once:

• antiviral - protects the body from the main cause of infection - viruses;
• reparative - accelerates the recovery of the affected cells of the nasopharyngeal mucosa, through which the infection enters the body;
• immunomodulatory - improves local and humoral immunity, helps to accelerate recovery, reduce the risk of recurrence of the disease.

Pediatricians prescribe Derinat as part of a complex therapy for acute respiratory viral infections or for the prevention of recurrence of colds in frequently ill children. The drug will help the baby stay healthy, and the mother will take a break from eternal childhood illnesses.

The child had ARVI, and a week later the temperature again

Influenza is one of the most dangerous in terms of the number of possible complications of pathologies. Therefore, doctors strongly recommend adhering to the rules of the rehabilitation period so that the body has the opportunity to recover, and the immune system can again cope with viruses.

If, after ARVI, the temperature is 38 again, weakness and other symptoms of the disease are a very alarming sign. There are several reasons why the body temperature may rise above the established norm again. But the main thing is to remember that any increase in body temperature after the flu, colds and SARS is not the norm. The norm is a slight decrease in temperature for several days until the immune system returns to normal.

Recurrence of the disease

After a respiratory infection, the body is still very weakened, therefore, any factor that a person would normally survive without developing a disease can become a catalyst for the disease: a draft, contact with a carrier of the virus, hypothermia.

A relapse that occurs a short time after recovery is always more severe, the symptomatic picture develops faster, the risk of complications is traditionally higher.

With reasonable worries of the parent: the child has the flu, temperature 39 - what to do, you need to focus on a standard therapy plan. If an adult or a child has had ARVI, after a week the temperature again clearly shows a high activity of the immune system, the following actions must be taken immediately:

• consult your doctor;
• to provide maximum peace;
• resume taking medications taken during the previous period of the disease;
• use drugs for symptomatic treatment: elimination of pain, fever.

If it is possible to call a doctor at home, it is better to wait with any medication so that the therapist or pediatrician has an opportunity to get a more accurate picture of the symptoms.

The therapy of the disease occurs according to the standard scheme, but in this case it makes sense to insure yourself, keeping the hospital regime as long as possible. After recovery, you must carefully follow the rules of the rehabilitation period, use vitamins, avoid drafts, large crowds of people, and overwork.

New disease

Not necessarily in a situation where after infection the symptoms return again, the same disease is present as before, a weakened immune system can become a target for a new viral infection.

For example, you can often meet the anxiety of parents when the child has had ARVI, a week later the temperature again. This phenomenon is quite understandable: after a respiratory infection, the child's immunity is weakened, as evidenced by poor health, low body temperature and the urgent recommendations of a doctor, to avoid heavy loads for at least two weeks.

With a weakened immunity, the child's body cannot cope with the virus, so it freely enters the body and after the incubation period, which is usually about 7 days, the clinical picture of the new disease begins to unfold in full, causing a rise in temperature and other symptoms.

How to avoid the temperature rise again?

In order not to look for a question to answer why the temperature has risen again after ARVI, it is necessary to take measures to prevent the virus from entering the body again.

When a child is discharged, the doctor usually gives exhaustive recommendations on how to behave in order not to return for a new sick leave soon.

First of all, prevention is about avoiding contact with a potential carrier of the virus. That is, for two to three weeks it is necessary to avoid large crowds of people. Such a measure of body protection is required in any case, especially in cold weather and during epidemics, but after a recent respiratory infection, such advice is even more relevant.

Secondly, the body's defenses should be strengthened. Warm clothing that does not allow hypothermia, the correct daily regimen, good nutrition, rich in vitamins and microelements, will speed up the rehabilitation process, and, therefore, significantly reduce the risk of both a relapse of the disease and a new infection.

Some doctors recommend taking immunomodulatory medications that stabilize the immune system. But the opinion about the need to take such drugs in childhood is by no means shared by all doctors, as are manufacturers, who indicate in the instructions for the drug information about the restriction of taking in childhood.

It is important to understand that it is impossible to raise immunity from the outside, even drugs called immunomodulators only normalize the functioning of the immune system. But there are no methods of influencing immunity in such a way that it increases, otherwise the problem of immunodeficiency syndrome has long ceased to exist.

In addition, even while taking such drugs, it is necessary to follow the above rules: avoid potential sources of infection, hypothermia, reboot on the body, and also eat right. Considering that these methods work fine even without the use of any drugs that affect the immune system, the point in using immunomodulators is very dubious.

The same applies to the intake of vitamins: there are no scientific factors indicating that vitamin pharmacological preparations can have a positive effect on the body. However, as well as the facts indicating the opposite. And even the use of such a popular until recently, a remedy for the prevention of colds, like vitamin C, has been officially debunked.

What to do if the temperature rises?

If the preventive measures for a new disease turned out to be ineffective or were not carried out too carefully, as a result of which the child again has the flu, fever 39 and other symptoms, treatment should be started immediately.

When, after ARVI, the child's temperature rises again, the parent's actions should be similar to those in a situation with any disease:

• contacting a pediatrician;
• taking medications prescribed by a doctor, prescribed after laboratory tests and examination of a small patient;
• symptomatic therapy;
• bed rest.

It is worth remembering that if relapses of respiratory infections occur frequently, you need to think about strengthening the health of a child who takes more than one day: hardening, climatotherapy, and so on.

The child has a relapse of ARVI

Currently, there is a high prevalence of frequently ill children with a complicated form of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI). There are many reasons for the high incidence of ARVI in children. One of the main ones is the imperfection of children's immunity in the fight against influenza. The researchers found that in the elderly and children, interferon is produced more slowly and in smaller quantities, and this causes a weakening of the immune system and the development of various childhood infections. We talk about modern methods of treatment of recurrent forms of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) of frequently ill children with Olga Viktorinovna Bondareva, deputy chief physician for clinical expert work of the city children's polyclinic No. 7.

- Olga Viktorinovna, what are the reasons for the high prevalence of a group of frequently ill children suffering from recurrent ARVI?

- Frequently ill children (FAD) is a term for a group of children of a certain age who have a higher incidence of acute respiratory diseases than their peers. By the way, the concept of "often ill child" is used only in domestic pediatrics. This is not a diagnosis in the medical sense of the word. According to the definition of the World Health Organization (WHO), a child who gets sick more than four times a year belongs to the BWD group, but it should be noted that the age of the child also matters. For example, children under 3 years of age who have suffered acute respiratory diseases six or more times according to the criteria of the Russian Federation, and 5-8 times a year according to WHO criteria, belong to the BWD group.

The causes of frequently ill children in the first years of life lie, firstly, in the problem of the formation and development of the child's anti-infectious protection. It should be noted that the first 6-12 months of a child's life are covered by passively transmitted maternal antibodies against most respiratory viruses.

A characteristic feature of the immune system function of a 2-6 year old child is a high proliferative activity of lymphocytes, an "orientation" of the immune response to infectious agents, and with ARVI, repeated more than 6-8 times a year, there is no adequate restoration of the immune system. In addition, the state of the lymphoepithelial tissue of the pharyngeal ring, which provides local protection of the respiratory tract, is significant, and the period of early childhood is characterized by the intensive development of lymphoid tissue. A special growth of the palatine tonsils occurs at the age of 3-5 years, and the pharyngeal (adenoids) at the age of 5-7 years, and then there is a gradual reduction of tissue, which ends by the age of a person.

Of great importance for the recurrent form of acute respiratory viral infections is also the ecological disadvantage of the environment, physical fatigue, passive smoking in the environment of the child, early up to 3 years of stay of children in an institution for children, unbalanced nutrition, parents' refusal from the annual flu vaccination.

The maximum incidence of ARVI among children is recorded at the age of 6 months - 6 years and is 4-6 diseases per year, among younger students - 2-5 times a year, in older children, the incidence of ARVI decreases to 2-3 times a year. ARVI in the structure of respiratory diseases is up to%. Frequently ill children in the general population of the child population account for 14 to 18%.

- What kind of explanatory work is carried out with the parents of children who often have recurrent ARVI?

- The attitude of parents in raising a child with a recurrent form of ARVI is of great importance. Parents need to know about the mandatory conduct of general hygiene measures in the family. Namely, the correct daily regimen, a balanced diet, sleeping in the fresh air, hardening procedures, protecting such children from additional contacts with infection, finding the possibility of raising children under three years old at home, and not in a preschool, sanatorium treatment, a trip to the sea , prevention of chronic diseases of ENT organs. We explain to parents that it is not necessary to give a child a large amount of drugs, especially antibiotics, without a doctor's prescription, to self-medicate, as this does not lead to the development of immunity.

- How is the treatment of children with recurrent ARVI carried out?

- The treatment regimen for a group of frequently ill children consists of different directions. Depending on the frequency of infections, treatment includes preventive measures that must be carried out, first of all, in the family: a rational daily regimen, nutrition with correction of the consumption of carbohydrates and sweets, taking multivitamins according to age, conducting reasonable hardening procedures and medication correction , which is carried out in conjunction with an ENT doctor, who determines the scope of local treatment depending on the degree and location of ENT organ damage - chronic tonsillitis, adenoiditis, the presence of a focus of chronic infection. Here you can use the irrigation of the mucous membrane with saline solutions, rinsing the throat after 4-5 years with antiseptic solutions, physiotherapy (UV, magnetotherapy), local antibacterial treatment.

Etiopathogenetic treatment includes antiviral and anti-inflammatory therapy - a group of inducers of endogenous interferon synthesis.

Indications for antibiotic therapy in children with recurrent respiratory infections are the presence of severe symptoms of intoxication, hyperthermia for more than three days, the appearance of a purulent sputum, the presence of a recurrent obstructive syndrome, which indicates the onset of bacterial superinfection, the development of morbidity in children of the first year of life, prolonged treatment of respiratory diseases.

The choice of antibiotics in children with recurrent respiratory morbidity should preferably have the following options: protected penicillins resistant to betalactamases - amoxiclav, augmentin; macrolides.

It is important to note that one of the important stages in the treatment regimen for frequently ill children with recurrent ARVI is sanatorium preventive treatment. In Kazan, there were two such sanatoriums that accepted preschool children who had pneumonia and had chronic foci of infection. Children who received health improvement in a sanatorium were less likely to get sick. Unfortunately, currently, there are no therapeutic sanatoriums for the recovery of frequently ill children in Kazan.

- Are immunomodulators effective for treating such children?

Immunomodulators such as thymagen and thymalin, preparations of the thymus gland, found great application in the 1990s and were prescribed for any infection. Upon closer examination, it became clear that they are more harmful than positive. Therefore, their appointment is carried out only by a specialist doctor.

In general, there is a positive effect of the appointment of immunotropic drugs. But this effect is usually short-lived and not always persistent. The reason is that there is no proper preparation of patients and parents for this type of therapy - for a long time, in courses, in the necessary dosages, and there is also a lack of sanitation of foci of chronic infection in the nasopharynx. Immunotropic drugs of microbial origin or their synthetic analogues are prescribed: bacterial lysates; combined immunocorrectors containing bacterial antigens; synthetic drugs.

- What problems do frequently ill children face in adulthood?

- The recurrent form of ARVI is characterized by the presence of chronic foci of infection: tonsillitis, otitis media, adenoiditis. And if a child suffers from otitis media 5-6 times, then the process becomes chronic. The child develops chronic otitis media, he begins to nasal and hear poorly, sleep is disturbed, he loses adaptation in the team, there is a constant pain syndrome. Such children need constant dispensary supervision. In adulthood, chronic sinusitis, sinusitis and pneumonia develop. If a child suffers 2-3 pneumonia per year, then the likelihood of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is very high.

Why is there a relapse of colds and viral diseases?

There are two possible answers to this question.

The first is when a person, feeling better, stops treatment and does not finish the course of the prescribed pills. Then, after some time, the remaining small foci of the virus grow again and the person falls ill again.

The second answer suggests that viruses such as influenza are in the process of constant mutation, so there is no guarantee that having had the flu once, you will not catch it again in a week. And flu shots are also useless. the virus mutates much faster than they can create them.

It's simple enough. Relapse means repetition. A recurrence of the disease is caused by the fact that the body is so weakened by the past, usually a recently ended disease, that it is simply not able to fight against the new: there is no immunity. That is, an organism that fights and resists a foreign microorganism in a healthy state does not do it. therefore, a relapse can proceed without a high temperature, but the patient feels much worse, and the disease can drag on for a very long time.

Because after recovery, the body is still weakened, immunity was "spent" on the fight against the previous infection. Therefore, after recovery, prevention should be done especially carefully. You can, for example, lubricate the nose with antiviral ointments - oxolin or better evamenol (it is natural)

If the body is weakened by the fight against colds, then it becomes vulnerable to various types of viruses, and a relapse of the disease can occur. After the end of the disease, it is necessary for some time to limit contact with people, especially sick people.

A relapse occurs when the virus has not been completely destroyed and it is reborn with renewed vigor and at the same time already has immunity against the drug with which it was destroyed, so in case of relapse it is necessary to change the medicine.

Relapses are always more dangerous than the first disease - the body has already experienced the attack of the virus and spent a lot of protective means and it is now easier for the virus to defeat it.

So that there would be no relapses, you need to drink a full course of medicines and vitamins and follow the regimen prescribed by the doctor and not rush headlong to work after the first relief.

ARVI in children

ARVI in children is an acute inflammatory lesion of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract caused by various types of respiratory viruses. SARS in children may be accompanied by general malaise, fever, sore throat, runny nose, cough, headache, muscle and joint pain, conjunctivitis, and stool disorders. The diagnosis of acute respiratory viral infections in children is made on the basis of clinical manifestations and examination, the results of laboratory tests. Treatment of ARVI in children includes a regimen, diet, antiviral, antipyretic, desensitizing, detoxification therapy.

ARVI in children

SARS in children (acute respiratory viral infections) is a group of viral diseases, accompanied by inflammation of various parts of the respiratory tract and intoxication syndrome. In pediatrics, ARVI accounts for 90% of the total number of infectious diseases in children. Most often children from 3 to 14 years old suffer from ARVI, especially those who start attending preschool and school institutions, which is associated with the emergence of a large number of contacts.

ARVI in children has a more severe course and is often complicated by the addition of a bacterial infection and exacerbation of chronic diseases. Frequent ARVIs contribute to a decrease in the body's defenses and the chronicity of inflammatory pathology of the ENT organs, respiratory tract, heart, kidneys, joints, and nervous system; predispose to allergization and the formation of bronchial asthma, delay the physical and psychomotor development of the child.

Classification of ARVI in children

SARS in children differ in etiology (influenza, parainfluenza, adenovirus, rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial infection); by clinical form (typical and atypical); downstream (uncomplicated and complicated); by severity (light, medium and heavy).

Depending on the clinical form of the respiratory tract lesion, ARVI in children can manifest itself as rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, otitis media, nasopharyngitis, laryngitis (including croup syndrome), tracheitis.

Causes of ARVI in children

SARS in children can be caused by RNA genomic influenza viruses (types A, B, C), parainfluenza (4 types), PC virus, rhinoviruses (\u003e 110 serotypes) and reoviruses; as well as DNA genomic adenoviruses (\u003e 40 serotypes). Part of ARVI in children can be caused by enteroviruses (ECHO, like Coxsackie), coronaviruses, metapneumovirus, bokavirus.

All pathogens of acute respiratory viral infections in children are highly contagious, are transmitted from a sick person, as a rule, by airborne droplets (with droplets of saliva and mucus), rarely by household contact. The tendency of children to frequent acute respiratory viral infections is determined by the immaturity of protective reactions - the loss of passive maternal and insufficient level of acquired immunity, the lack of previous immunological experience, the presence of a high level of contacts with various infectious agents. After suffering ARVI, children do not develop long-term persistent immunity, there is no cross-protective reaction to other types of respiratory viruses. A child can get ARVI from 3 to 8 times a year. Frequently ill children exposed to ARVI almost every month in the child population make up from 15% to 50%.

The peak incidence of ARVI in children occurs during the cold season (October-April). Factors contributing to the frequent incidence of ARVI include unfavorable perinatal development, the presence of persistent intrauterine infection in children, allergic and somatic pathologies, and a poor environmental situation.

Pathogenesis of ARVI in children

The causative agents of ARVI penetrate the epithelial cells of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract and, multiplying, cause dystrophic and inflammatory changes in them. Different types of respiratory viruses have a predominant affinity for the epithelium of certain parts of the respiratory tract. For the parainfluenza virus, the most characteristic lesion is the mucous membrane of the larynx; for adenovirus - nasopharyngeal mucosa with involvement of the conjunctiva of the eyes and lymphoid formations; for the RS virus - inflammation of the mucous membrane of small and medium bronchi; for flu - damage to the trachea, and rhinovirus - to the nasal cavity.

The penetration of virions into the bloodstream is accompanied by a general toxic and toxic-allergic syndrome, suppression of cellular and humoral immunity reactions. For some acute respiratory viral infections in children (for example, influenza, adenovirus infection), long-term persistence in a latent state in lymphoid tissue or various organs is characteristic. Decreased local immunity in children with acute respiratory viral infections promotes the activation of opportunistic bacterial flora and leads to increased inflammatory lesions of the respiratory tract.

Symptoms of ARVI in children

The severity of the clinical picture of acute respiratory viral infections in children is determined by the severity of the general toxic syndrome and catarrhal phenomena. You can read about the features of the flu in children here.

Parainfluenza in children

Parainfluenza has an incubation period of about 2-4 days; characterized by an acute onset, moderate fever, mild intoxication and catarrhal inflammation. The child is worried about hoarseness, sore throat and behind the sternum, persistent dry and rough cough, runny nose with mucopurulent discharge. On the 2-3rd day of ARVI, the temperature rises to 38-38.5ºC. In children 2-5 years of age, parainfluenza is often manifested by the sudden development of false croup - acute stenosis of the larynx with a “barking” cough, hoarse voice and noisy breathing. Obstructive bronchitis may develop at an early age. The duration of an uncomplicated form of ARVI caused by the parainfluenza virus in children is no more than 1-1.5 weeks.

Adenovirus infection in children

Adenovirus infection in children has a long, often wavy course. The acute onset of ARVI in children is manifested by chills, fever, headache, lethargy, moderate nasal congestion, severe cough and runny nose with an abundant exudative component (serous, serous-purulent).

The course of ARVI in children is often accompanied by a sore throat and symptoms of pharyngitis, tonsillitis with swelling of the tonsils and fibrinous overlays, as well as conjunctivitis with profuse lacrimation, pain in the eyeballs; increase and soreness of the submandibular and cervical lymph nodes. With adenovirus infection, complications are possible in the form of pneumonia, otitis media, purulent sinusitis, and kidney damage.

Respiratory syncytial infection in children

The duration of the incubation period for RS virus infection is from 3 to 7 days, clinical manifestations depend on the age of the child. In older children, MS infection is usually mild, like an acute catarrh of the upper respiratory tract, without severe intoxication, sometimes with an increase in temperature to subfebrile values. There is a dry cough, chest pain, scanty discharge from the nose.

In young children with ARVI, symptoms of lower respiratory tract damage (bronchiolitis with broncho-obstructive syndrome) appear: paroxysmal obsessive cough with the release of thick, viscous sputum, frequent, noisy breathing with expiratory dyspnea. The child has a decrease in appetite, sleep disturbance, pallor of the skin, cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle.

The duration of ARVI in children in most cases is not less than a week, sometimes a prolonged recurrent course is possible. Complications of MS infection are associated with the addition of a bacterial infection and the development of otitis media, sinusitis, pneumonia (especially in newborns and premature babies).

Rhinovirus infection in children

Rhinovirus infection in children begins with general malaise, sometimes with subfebrile temperature; accompanied by severe nasal congestion with sneezing and profuse watery-serous discharge (rhinorrhea), sore throat, dry cough. Due to the constant discharge, the child has maceration of the skin around the nasal passages. Possible herpetic eruptions on the lips and the vestibule of the nose, profuse lacrimation, loss of smell and taste. Complications practically do not occur.

Complications of ARVI in children

SARS in children may be accompanied by specific (virus-associated), bacterial and nonspecific complications. Specific complications of acute respiratory viral infections in children include febrile convulsions, hemorrhagic syndrome, Reye's syndrome, at an early age - acute stenosis of the larynx, obliterating bronchiolitis, neurotoxicosis, meningoencephalitis, polyradiculoneuritis, myocarditis, hemolytic uremic syndrome.

The addition of bacterial microflora in acute respiratory viral infections in children is dangerous by the development of bronchitis, pneumonia and pulmonary edema, sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, otitis media, paratonsillar and pharyngeal abscess, mastoiditis and otoantritis, purulent lymphadenitis, meningitis, rheumatic fever, acute glomerulonephritis, septicopyemia.

Non-specific complications of ARVI are exacerbations of chronic respiratory pathology (bronchial asthma, cystic fibrosis, tuberculosis) and somatic diseases in children (urinary system, rheumatism).

Diagnosis of ARVI in children

SARS in children is diagnosed according to the clinical picture and the results of a physical examination, taking into account epidemiological data. Early and retrospective laboratory diagnostics of one or another type of acute respiratory viral infection in children includes express methods: MFA and PCR, as well as a virological method and serological tests (RSK, ELISA, neutralization reaction) in paired blood sera.

The differential diagnosis of acute respiratory viral infections in children is carried out with a prodromal period of measles, catarrhal precursors of bronchial asthma, various forms of meningitis, croupous pneumonia, diphtheria.

ARVI treatment in children

Treatment of most acute respiratory viral infections in children is carried out at home under the supervision of a pediatrician and has general principles: isolation of the child, adherence to bed rest and reduction of physical activity, abundant warm drinks and an adequate diet, providing free access to fresh air, the use of etiotropic, symptomatic and pathogenetic agents. Indications for hospitalization are: severe and complicated course of ARVI (especially influenza and adenovirus infection), early age of children (newborns and premature infants), acute stenosis of the larynx, concomitant chronic bronchopulmonary, renal and cardiovascular pathology.

Depending on the nature and severity of ARVI symptoms, children are prescribed antipyretics (paracetamol, ibuprofen), desensitizing agents (chloropyramine, clemastine, loratadine), and detoxification therapy. For rhinitis with shortness of breath, vasoconstrictor drops are used intranasally, a tube-quartz is carried out; with a sore throat, children are prescribed rinsing with infusions of chamomile, sage, eucalyptus; with dry cough - expectorants (infusion of thermopsis, mucaltin, bromhexine, ambroxol), inhalation. In case of eye damage, rinsing with antiseptic solutions, instillation of drops are necessary.

In the early stages of ARVI in children, antiviral agents are used: interferon preparations (intranasally and in suppositories), a drug based on antibodies to human interferon gamma, umifenovir, influenza γ-globulin. Antibiotics are indicated only when bacterial complications of ARVI are detected in children.

Forecast and prevention of ARVI in children

The prognosis for most cases of acute respiratory viral infections in children is favorable. In severe complicated forms and an early age of the patient, life-threatening conditions may develop: pulmonary edema, acute stenosis of the larynx of III-IV degree, etc.

Measures for the prevention of ARVI in children are the observance of the sanitary and hygienic regime (frequent and regular airing, quartzing, wet cleaning, thorough hand washing, quarantine measures, isolation of the patient); increasing the general resistance of the body (hardening, playing sports, drinking enough, good nutrition, taking immunomodulators); flu vaccination.

According to doctors, relatively frequent relapses of acute respiratory viral infections in a child are the norm. In children, the immune system is still developing, so they are not as protected from viruses as adults. Mom should take care of additional protection and support of children's immunity, especially during the period of seasonal colds.

After ARVI, flu, colds, the immune system is weakened. To avoid relapses, the first two weeks after recovery, you need to protect the child from contact with viruses.

• Avoid going to public places. Banned are shops, children's entertainment centers, theaters. If possible, postpone going to kindergarten for a couple of days, refuse to attend circles and sections so that the child has time to get stronger.
• Refuse visiting and try not to invite guests yourself. It is better for a child to meet friends on a walk in the park than in a stuffy room or a children's cafe.
• Teach your child to wash his hands with soap and water after visiting public places, traveling in transport. Make sure that he does not touch his face: do not scratch his nose, do not rub his eyes with his hands.
• At home, you need to regularly do wet cleaning and ventilate the rooms. In dry and warm air, ARVI, colds and flu viruses multiply more actively than in cool and humid air.
• ARVI can be brought home by parents from work, brothers and sisters from school and kindergarten. To avoid recurrence of viral infections, strictly follow the rules of hygiene. Everyone who comes from the street should first wash their hands and rinse their nose.

Avoiding a relapse of SARS in a child will not help:

• refusal to walk and active games - lack of movement and fresh air will only weaken the immune system;
• an additional layer of clothing - the child should be dressed for the weather so that he does not sweat when moving and does not get cold during a calm walk,
• hardening immediately after recovery - only a completely healthy child can be hardened, and it is better to do this in the summer, when the risk of infection is lower.

ARVI prevention

Already the second relapse of ARVI in a child in the last month? If the child often has colds, the mother should discuss with the doctor the means for preventing viral infections. Today in pharmacies you can find drugs that are allowed to be used for the prevention and treatment of colds in children from the first day of life. Modern drugs will protect the baby from frequent illnesses and ease their course, if you still cannot avoid a collision with the virus.

Derinat is a complex drug suitable for the prevention and treatment of colds, flu and ARVI in children of any age, as well as for the treatment of acute respiratory infections in adults. There are nasal drops for the little ones. For schoolchildren and teenagers - spray.

Derinat has several useful properties at once:

• antiviral - protects the body from the main cause of infection - viruses;
• reparative - accelerates the recovery of the affected cells of the nasopharyngeal mucosa, through which the infection enters the body;
• immunomodulatory - improves local and humoral immunity, helps to accelerate recovery, reduce the risk of relapse of the disease.

Pediatricians prescribe Derinat as part of a complex therapy for acute respiratory viral infections or for the prevention of recurrence of colds in frequently ill children. The drug will help the baby stay healthy, and the mother will take a break from eternal childhood illnesses.

A child who has had a cold is different from healthy babies. It is easy to notice by his appearance (excessive sweating, pale skin), behavior (lethargy, weakness, irritability) and poor appetite of the baby. Therefore, during the first two weeks after ARVI, the child needs the most gentle mode. What does it mean?

1. Lightweight nutrition.
2. More time to relax.
3. Less anxiety and negative emotions.
4. Taking vitamins and agents that increase immunity.

Medicines with the "immuno" prefix have become incredibly popular lately. But, alas, immunity is too complex a phenomenon to be improved by “a slight movement of the hand” or by taking any drug. Besides most immunomodulatory drugs in children can only be used as directed by a doctor, since otherwise, instead of strengthening the immune system, you can get a much less pleasant result. What drugs are there?

• Plant-based
  Preparations of echinacea, ginseng, aloe, etc. are relatively safe. Now in any pharmacy you can buy a variety of medicines, but the child is best suited for special children's forms with a dosage designed for a certain age, which do not cause disgust in young patients with their bitter taste, or “ sick "method of administration.
• Bacterial origin
  These are preparations containing purified and detoxified cell particles of the main causative agents of respiratory infections. They are usually available in the form of sprays, drops and lozenges for resorption and are used to increase the local immunity of the upper respiratory tract.
• Probiotics
  If during the illness the child received antibiotics or dyspeptic symptoms (vomiting, nausea, flatulence, colic, stool disorders) were simply observed, then probiotics (contain substances that stimulate the reproduction of their own "beneficial" bacteria) or eubiotics (contain bifido and lactobacilli). Normal functioning of the immune system is impossible without the restoration of intestinal microflora.

What to eat?

In the first days after the end of the acute period, it is necessary to replenish the loss of fluid that the baby's body has spent during the fever.

Drinking regime

Herbal or green tea, compote (especially from dried fruits), fruit drink, juice diluted with water should always be at hand. The child should be given a little to drink, but often.

Diet

Instead of the usual 3-4 times, the baby should eat 6-7 times a day. If a child refuses to eat, then in no case should you try to overcome his resistance or tempt him with sweets, cakes or some other favorite children's delicacy.

1. All food that the baby receives in the first days after the illness should be easily digested and not irritate the stomach and intestines.
2. Fried food, sugar, yeast dough, spices and seasonings, as well as coarse vegetable fiber and foods that provoke fermentation are contraindicated in a child during this period. Baby food is best suited - milk porridge, vegetable and fruit puree.
3. Do not overload the crumbs' diet with meat dishes. The child, of course, needs protein, but in moderation. In this regard, the safest of all are dairy products - cottage cheese, low-fat cheese, "Snowball".
4. Vegetables (except cabbage, onions, peas and beans) and fruits (excluding all sour ones) are useful, but little by little and better in the form of mashed potatoes. Buckwheat, rice and oatmeal are easier to digest from cereals. Eggs, seafood, chocolate, nuts, oranges, as well as other common allergens are best eliminated for a while, even if the child has never suffered from allergic reactions before.

Vitamins

Consult with your doctor and purchase one of the modern multivitamin complexes at the pharmacy, which additionally contains vital macro- and microelements. When choosing a vitamin preparation, you must remember that they are all strictly divided by age groups and it is impossible to exceed the recommended dosage.

But what about hardening?

Doctors often face situations when the parents of a newly ill child make a firm decision about the need for hardening and decisively start pouring cold water on their child. It is clear that there is no benefit from such "prevention", but there are as many complications and health problems as you like: from a runny nose to severe bronchitis and otitis media.

Do not forget that any hardening procedures must be carried out gradually. At the time of acute inflammatory reactions, they are stopped, and during the recovery period with hardening, it is better to be as careful as possible, since a weakened body is not ready for an increased load.

Air baths

After a cold, it is better to start hardening with air baths: they are well tolerated by babies and can be used immediately after the temperature has returned to normal and the inflammatory process in the respiratory tract stops. Ventilate the child's room as often as possible. This will not only promote hardening, but also reduce the risk of a new viral infection, since these microorganisms quickly die in cool and humid air.

As air baths, you can use ordinary walks in the fresh air, the main thing is not to overheat or overcool the baby.

Tune in to the positive!

In order for the baby to get out as quickly as possible after a debilitating illness, support him in every possible way on the way to recovery. Your good mood and positive attitude are the first "available" means at the very beginning of the disease. Therefore, take care not only of successful drug treatment, but also of a favorable environment in the family, which no less affects the speed of recovery of your baby. Walk, play, fool around with your child, and most importantly - give him as much of your irreplaceable attention as possible.