The theme of the Motherland occupies an important place in the lyrics of A. Blok. It is most fully embodied in the completed cycle "On the Kulikovo Field" (1908), the main motive of which is the poet's deep belief in the power of Russia, in the fact that it will withstand any trials. The cycle "On the Kulikovo Floor" is joined by the poem "Russia" (1908), in which the poet conveys his very personal, romantically colored feeling of love for the Motherland.
Love for Russia, unshakable faith in the greatness, strength and resilience of the Motherland, in its sveglo future find expression in the passionate lines of the poem. Blok perceives the fate of the Motherland as a personal fate.
The poem begins with a depiction of quite real, vital signs of Russia. These signs are simple, there is nothing special in them: worn out harnesses, loose ruts - a vivid evidence of the Russian off-road.
Again, like in golden years,
Three stbrgy straps are fluttering,
And painted knitting needles stuck
In loose ruts ...
This bleak picture awakens in the poet such a strong and deep feeling of love for the Motherland that it is compared with the feeling of first love:
Russia, impoverished Russia,
I have your gray huts,
Your songs for me are windy
Like the first tears of love!
The sight of impoverished Russia, it seemed, should arouse joy, but the poet declares:
I don't know how to feel sorry for you
And I carry my cross carefully ...
It is important to emphasize the adverbial epithet "carefully". The poet not only regrets the impoverished Russia, but also retains this feeling. Not pity, but love, he feels for the Motherland, faith in her, in her inexhaustible spiritual strength.
But here's the other side artistic image Russia. The poet notes no longer real, everyday signs, but unfolds a metaphorical image. Not a poor Russia with loose ruts, but a beautiful woman, trusting, proud and strong in spirit - this is how Blok reveals the image of Russia in the following lines of the poem:
I don't know how to feel sorry for you
And I carry my cross with great care.
What sorcerer you want
Give back the robber beauty!
The homeland will not disappear, no matter what sorcerer takes possession of it, no matter how clouded by another concern its beautiful features. The poet believes that from all trials Russia will emerge spiritually and physically stronger and renewed:
and the impossible is possible
The road is long long easy
When the road shines in the distance
Instant glance from under the handkerchief
When it rings with grief
Deaf song of the driver! ..
In the metaphorical image of the Motherland, real and conventional signs are combined. On the one hand - a forest and a field, on the other - a patterned plate up to the eyebrows, an instant look. These conventional details deepen the metaphorical image of Russia as a beautiful woman. The epithet - robber beauty, which means bright, self-willed beauty, acquires great importance. Robber beauty, as opposed to humble beauty, harbors a hint of something stubborn, rebellious and at the same time strong that can withstand any trials. Hence the poet's direct assertion that Russia will not disappear, will not perish, will stand. That is why there is no pity in him, but there is an unshakable confidence that Russia has a "long way to go."
The poem "Russia" is written in the traditional iambic tetrameter. The originality of its sound is due to the fact that the third stanza in each line has no stress:
Again, like in golden years,
Three worn out straps.
The poem contains the most common type of stanza - a quatrain (quatrain), the lines of which are rhymed with cross rhymes. The first and third lines are linked by a feminine rhyme, the second and fourth - a masculine
Artistic means give special expressiveness to the poem. These are epithets: gray huts, painted knitting needles, loose ruts, wind songs, i.e. free, dreary, heartfelt songs, robber beauty, beautiful features, long road, long road, cautious longing. There are comparisons built on the unity of opposites - oxymorons: “And the impossible is possible. (/ The road is long and easy. "
The Bloc's poem "Russia" causes us to seriously reflect on the fate of the Motherland - Russia. Today, hard trials have fallen to her lot: traditions are crumbling, all norms of morality and morality are trampled on, spiritual values \u200b\u200bare destroyed. This inflicts irreparable losses on the Russian people. And we see it as our duty to save Russia, to revive it from the ashes of lost hopes and return to it its former proud and free name - Russia.
"Russia"
Again, like in golden years, Three worn out straps, And the painted knitting needles bite In loose ruts ... Russia, impoverished Russia, I have your gray huts, Your wind songs to me, - Like the first tears of love! I don't know how to feel sorry for you And I carry my cross carefully ... What sorcerer you want Give back the robber beauty! Let it lure and deceive, - You will not be lost, you will not perish, And only care will cloud Your beautiful features ... Well? One more concern - With one tear the river is noisier And you are still the same - a forest, but a field, Yes, the boards are patterned up to the eyebrows ... And the impossible is possible The road is long and easy When the road shines in the distance Instant glance from under the handkerchief When it rings with grief Deaf song of the driver! ..
Philological analysis of the poem
The poem "Russia", written by Alexander Blok in 1908, is included in the cycle of poems "Homeland" and the sub-cycle "On the Kulikovo Field". The cycle "On the Kulikovo Field" was not immediately appreciated and noticed by Russian critics: its publication in 1909 in the almanac "Rosehip" (Book 10) did not evoke noticeable critical responses, as did its reprint in the collection "Night Hours" (1911) and in the third volume of the first edition of The Lyric Trilogy (1912). And only his appearance in 1915 in the collection "Poems about Russia" made him see a poet of national importance in the Bloc. “Blok's last poems are truly classic, - wrote G. Ivanov, - but they do not at all resemble those poems of Bryusov, for example, which are "difficult to distinguish" from Pushkin or Zhukovsky. This is a natural classicism of a master who has gone through all the arts of the creative path. Some of them are already at that stage of the enlightenment of simplicity, when verses, like a song, become accessible to every heart ".
Alexander Blok is one of the brightest representatives of Russian Symbolism, the modernist literary movement of that time. The Symbolists resolutely opposed the inner world and the outer world and recognized the first as the right to truth. One cannot exist in the world without knowing it, and they proposed a symbol as a form of cognition, endowing it with a special, unusual meaning. The symbol was intended to reflect the deep connections of things, accessible only to the eyes of the poet. It is fundamentally polysemantic, and this ambiguity is achieved due to ambiguity, indeterminacy, and blurring of the image. The basic principle of the image is no paints, only shades. The poet's task is to inspire the reader with a certain mood. This requires a new system of images, the musical organization of the verse. The idea of \u200b\u200bsynthesis is generally characteristic of the aesthetics of symbolism. different types arts, hence the "musical" and "pictorial" elements in poetry, the desire to convey a visual impression with the help of the auditory, musical - with the help of visual. Their searches in the field of poetic phonetics (expressive assonance and effective alliteration) turned out to be fruitful; the rhythmic possibilities of Russian verse expanded, the stanza became more diverse. All this was reflected in the poem "Russia".
The cycle "On the Kulikovo Field", which includes the poem "Russia", is the highest poetic achievement of the poet in 1907-1908. A piercing sense of homeland is adjacent here with a special kind of "lyrical historicism", the ability to see one's own in the past of Russia, close - today and "eternal". In his reflections on the fate of the Motherland, Blok turns to the image of old Russia, which has long been characterized as a poor and humiliated Russia. This is how Blok sees it.
By the way, Lermontov in the poem "Motherland" also turns his gaze to the poverty and poverty of his native land... However, Blok, unlike Lermontov, uses beautiful images, while Lermontov only realistically depicts his homeland.
Blok's poem conveys specific signs of Russia at the time in which it was written ("painted knitting needles", "worn out stitches", "gray huts").
Alexander Blok continues the Nekrasov tradition, depicting the unity of the everyday ("gray huts") and the ideal ("the impossible is possible").
On the one hand, a concrete landscape is depicted in front of the reader ("loose ruts", "robber beauty"), and on the other hand, Russia appears in the image of a beautiful woman ("your beautiful features", "patterned dress up to the eyebrows").
By 1908, Blok had already experienced a personal drama (Mendeleev fell in love with his friend, Alexander Bely), he was also shocked by the 1905 revolution, which only brought disappointment to the life of society, so sad motives are heard in the poem. The image of the Beautiful Lady, who became a symbol of Blok's early poems, found a new embodiment in this poem. According to Blok, the only woman worthy of love is the homeland, Russia.
From all that has been said, we can conclude that the theme of this poem is the fate of Russia, and the idea is the pain that the lyrical hero expresses for the future of his homeland. The motive of tragedy is manifested in such words as “tears”, “melancholy”, “regrets”, “deaf song”, “and I carry my careful cross”. Blok believes that the Motherland is not chosen and therefore loves Russia as it is.
The poem, written in the form of a monologue, begins with the word “again” (thereby exerting the first psychological effect on the reader), as if Blok wants to bring us back, and at the same time the image of Gogol's Rus Troika immediately emerges. It becomes clear that Russia does not change over time, but remains the same as it was.
The text of the poem is divided into stanzas, which organizes and guides the reader's perception. Each stanza is interconnected with the previous one, and together they form an integral text. Division into stanzas provides the highlighting of the most important meanings of the text, and also activates the attention of the addressee-reader. The coherence of the text of the poem "Russia" is emphasized with the help of semantic repetitions, namely: precise lexical repetitions ("Russia, impoverished Russia ...", "I have your gray huts, Your songs are windy to me ...", "Well! One more concern - One the river is noisier with a tear ... "," The forest, yes, the field, Yes, patterned to the eyebrows ... "," When the road shines in the distance ... manit and about manno ... And only care is gone manit ... "," And not possibleoh possibleabout…"). On the one hand, repetitions add melodiousness to the poem, on the other hand, they enhance the motive of tragedy. Strong positions in the text are occupied by the first and last stanzas: the first !!!, and the last is the hope for a bright future for Russia; the oxymoron "the impossible is possible" is especially peculiar. These words, placed side by side, acquire increased semantic significance.
The title "Russia" means being addressed to the Motherland. It occupies an absolutely strong position in the poem, because it is from it that acquaintance with the text begins. It introduces the reader to the world of the work and to some extent expresses the theme of the poem.
Undoubtedly, words-symbols, sound and color writing, as well as the syntactic organization of the poem "Russia" are the dominant feature of this text, the consideration of which allows a deeper understanding of the system of artistic images of the poem and the development of the author's idea.
In Alexander Blok's poem, we find words that have acquired additional semantic and semantic nuances under his pen. For example, the "cross" takes on this poem additional meaning: a cross as a symbol of a heavy burden, the difficult fate of a Russian person. And at the same time it is a holy sign that gives us the right to hope that God will certainly help; it is the hope for a brighter future. Russia is not only a country, but also the only woman worthy of love.
To enhance the feeling of sadness and sadness against the background of all this poverty, Blok uses sound writing, thanks to which the reader can plunge into this "gray" day of Russian everyday life, hear the squelching of dirt underfoot, the creak of wheels and the distant sounds of a woman's cry. Sadness, grief, poverty are intensified by the alliteration of voiceless consonants: "t" (again, gold, three erased, chattering - in the first; deceive, care will cloud its features - in the fourth quatrain); "Sh" (you will not be lost, you will not perish, only). In the last six-lineage, on the contrary, there are a lot of sonorous consonants, which emphasizes the poet's optimistic outlook on the Motherland, hope for a bright future.
In terms of color, the poem has a low-key flavor ("gray huts"), which emphasizes the author's love for any Russia, even the poor.
The tropic of Blok's "Russia" is peculiar. The poem contains only life-like artistic images. For example, metaphorical epithets: "loose ruts", "long road", "instant gaze", "cautious longing", "dull song", "gray huts", which make it brighter, more aesthetic, the pictures seen become more real. The epithet "robber" to the word "beauty" is very important. It expresses disobedience, stubbornness, unpredictability. In the first stanza, the constant epithet "golden years" is used, giving expressiveness to poetic speech.
It is easy to see the unity of temporal and spatial representations, which are usually called chronotope. In "Russia" the present tense is represented, which is spoken about by the verbs used in the present tense, for example: "chatter", "get stuck", "ringing" - and the future, you can judge this by the verbs of the future tense: "lure", "deceive "," You will be lost "," you will not perish "," will fog up "," will shine ". The space in this poem is Russia, depicted by Blok.
"Russia" is written with iambic tetrameter, which gives a slight melodiousness and enlightenment. In the third foot, pyrrhic is observed, which makes the poem unique and filled with thoughtfulness.
Thanks to the cross rhyming, "Russia" becomes like a conversation.
The alternation of masculine and feminine rhymes gives the poem smoothness and completeness.
Of course, the syntax of the poem "Russia" is interesting. Almost every stanza contains sentences with ellipses, from which it follows that the author was in thought, pondering while writing the poem. Exclamation clauses give emotional coloring, inspiration.
In addition, in "Russia" there is an inversion: "golden years", "strands are fluttering," "knitting needles", "painted knitting needles", "gray huts", "wind songs", "patterned board", "long road", "The eyes will flash", "the song is ringing" - thereby causing intonation highlighting of key words.
The last stanza is special, it consists of six lines. In it, Blok lists the features inherent in Russia. The roads, the distance, the driver's songs, the "instant gaze", that is, the penetration of the soul - all these are purely Russian realities.
Thus, such linguistic means as semantic repetitions (exact lexical and root), words with incremental semantic and semantic meanings, alliteration of consonants carry an important semantic load in the poem "Russia". Tropics, metrics and syntax enhance the emotional and aesthetic impact on the reader. This poem very successfully combines the general linguistic, general style and individual-author's, since words consisting of real morphemes are combined with stylistic devices (repetitions, metaphors, epithets) and with the implementation of individual-author's neoplasms, such as repetitions, word-symbols, inversion , alliteration. Taking into account the general linguistic, general style and individual author's, you come to the conclusion that patriotic feelings for the lyric hero, who is close to the author, are above all. Russia for Blok is a special country chosen by God with its own national pride. He predicts the coming storms and tragedies of Russia, but despite this, Blok loves Russia and believes in it.
The theme of the Motherland is found more than once in Blok's poems, Alexander loved his country and carried this love from the first to the last line of creativity. In 1909, the poem "Russia" was written, in which the poet shows his vision of the fatherland with its pluses and minuses. An analysis of the poem will help you understand Blok's thoughts and views.
In the first lines the poet shows one of the main Russian problems - the roads. The wheels got stuck in a loose rut both at the beginning of the 20th century and after a century. Painted wheel spokes are shown against the background of the road. It shows well inner world Russian peasant who does not forget about the personal, but does not pay attention to the public - the quality of the roads. For the time being, of course - when trouble comes and the enemy stands at the gate, then the state matter dominates over the personal.
Russia in the heart of Blok
Further, the poet writes that for all the poverty of Russia, for all its dullness in the provinces, the country is dear to his heart in any form. The brilliant Petersburg and the dull village form a single whole, complementing each other and forming a country called Russia in this symbiosis.
Blok has love for the Motherland, but no pity, as can be seen from the lines:
I don't know how to feel sorry for you
And I carry my cross with care ...
Pity is condescension, but the poet does not have such feelings for Russia, he is above condescension, accepting Russia in all its diversity, where robbery is combined with the dullness of huts, and across the road there are a church and a tavern. This versatility and sincerity in everything does not allow Russia to disappear and disappear:
You will not be lost, you will not perish,
And only care will cloud
Your beautiful features ...
The greatness and poverty of Russia
Yes, care more than once darkened the face of the Motherland, but it was never broken by any sorcerer. There were Mongol-Tatars, the Swedes and Napoleon came, and Russia was just overshadowed by care, changed the plow for a sword and everything returned to normal - gray huts, loose roads, wind songs and painted knitting needles.
The river is noisier with one tear.
Many tears have accumulated in the river over the centuries of history, but the water has not overflowed the banks, on which even today, as a century ago, girls in a patterned scarf sing songs in the evenings, and men repair a seine. Subtly playing with threads of symbolism, the author of the poem shows a multifaceted image of Russia, in which glitter and poverty, heroism and dullness of everyday life go hand in hand.
Infinity of the road
In the finale of the poem, Blok repeats the eternal truth that in Russia even the impossible is possible. The finale again brings us back to the road, where the driver's song, so dear to the poet's heart, sounds, and in the road dust no, no, and the burning gaze of a local beauty gleams from under the kerchief.
In the poem, Blok confesses his love to the Motherland, despite all its shortcomings. Comparing Russia with a girl whom the sorcerer wants to deceive, the author predicts a long future for the country, because the girl must still become a woman and give rise to a new life.
Unfortunately, Russia today remains that modest and beautiful girl who in no way succeeds in becoming a woman, although Blok is not to blame for this….
Again, like in golden years,
Three worn out straps,
And painted knitting needles stuck
In loose ruts ...
Russia, impoverished Russia,
I have your gray huts,
Your wind songs to me -
Like the first tears of love!
I don't know how to feel sorry for you
And I carry my cross with care ...
What sorcerer you want
Give back the robber beauty!
Let it lure and deceive, -
You will not be lost, you will not perish,
And only care will cloud
Your beautiful features ...
Well, one more concern -
The river is noisier with one tear
And you are still the same - a forest, but a field,
Yes, the dress is patterned up to the eyebrows ...
And the impossible is possible
The road is long and easy
When the road shines in the distance
Instant glance from under the handkerchief
When it rings with grief
Deaf song of the driver! ..
The poem "Russia" reads In Tatarsky. Great reading that gives a sense of the depth of the lines.
Blok Russia poem
The theme of the Motherland occupies an important place in the lyrics of A. Blok. It is most fully embodied in the completed cycle "On the Kulikovo Field" (1908), the main motive of which is the poet's deep faith in the power of Russia, in the fact that it will withstand any trials. The cycle "On the Kulikovo Floor" is joined by the poem "Russia" (1908), in which the poet conveys his very personal, romantically colored feeling of love for the Motherland.
Love for Russia, unshakable faith in the greatness, strength and resilience of the Motherland, in its bright future are expressed in the passionate lines of the poem. Blok perceives the fate of the Motherland as a personal fate.
The poem begins with a depiction of quite real, vital signs of Russia. These signs are simple, there is nothing special in them: worn out harnesses, loose ruts - a vivid evidence of the Russian off-road.
Again, like in golden years,
Three worn out strands,
And painted knitting needles stuck
In loose ruts ...
This bleak picture awakens in the poet such a strong and deep feeling of love for the Motherland that it is compared with the feeling of first love:
Russia, impoverished Russia,
I have your gray huts,
Your wind songs to me -
Like the first tears of love!
The sight of impoverished Russia, it seemed, should arouse joy, but the poet declares:
I don't know how to feel sorry for you
And I carry my cross with care ...
It is important to emphasize the adverbial epithet "carefully". The poet not only regrets the impoverished Russia, but also keeps this feeling in himself. He feels not pity, but love for the Motherland, faith in her, in her inexhaustible spiritual strength.
But here is the other side of the artistic image of Russia. The poet notes no longer real, everyday signs, but develops a metaphorical image. Not a poor Russia with loose ruts, but a beautiful woman, trusting, proud and strong in spirit - this is how Blok reveals the image of Russia in the following lines of the poem:
I don't know how to feel sorry for you
And I carry my cross with care ...
What sorcerer you want
Give back the robber beauty!
The homeland will not disappear, no matter what sorcerer takes possession of it, no matter how clouded by another concern its beautiful features. The poet believes that from all trials Russia will emerge spiritually and physically stronger and renewed:
And the impossible is possible
The road is long long easy
When the road shines in the distance
Instant glance from under the handkerchief
When it rings with grief
Deaf song of the driver! ..
In the metaphorical image of the Motherland, real and conventional signs are combined. On the one hand - a forest and a field, on the other - a patterned plate up to the eyebrows, an instant look. These conventional details deepen the metaphorical image of Russia as a beautiful woman. The epithet - robber beauty, which means bright, self-willed beauty - is gaining in importance. Robber beauty, as opposed to humble beauty, harbors a hint of something stubborn, rebellious and at the same time strong that can withstand any trials. Hence the poet's direct assertion that Russia will not disappear, will not perish, will stand. That is why there is no pity in him, but there is an unshakable confidence that Russia has a "long way to go."
The poem "Russia" is written in the traditional iambic tetrameter. The originality of its sound is due to the fact that the third stanza in each line has no stress:
Again, like in golden years,
Three worn out straps.
The poem contains the most common type of stanza - a quatrain (quatrain), the lines of which are rhymed with cross rhymes. The first and third lines are linked by a feminine rhyme, the second and fourth by a masculine one.
Artistic means give special expressiveness to the poem. These are epithets: gray huts, painted knitting needles, loose ruts, wind songs, i.e. free, dreary, heartfelt songs, robbery, beautiful features, long road, long road, cautious longing. There are comparisons built on the unity of opposites - oxymorons: “And the impossible is possible. (/ The road is long and easy. "
The Bloc's poem "Russia" causes us to seriously reflect on the fate of the Motherland - Russia. Today, hard trials have fallen to her lot: traditions are crumbling, all norms of morality and morality are trampled on, spiritual values \u200b\u200bare destroyed. This inflicts irreparable losses on the Russian people. And we see it as our duty to save Russia, to revive it from the ashes of lost hopes and to return to it its former proud and free name - Russia.
"Russia" Alexander Blok
Again, like in golden years,
Three worn out straps,
And painted knitting needles stuck
In loose ruts ...Russia, impoverished Russia,
I have your gray huts,
Your wind songs to me, -
Like the first tears of love!I don't know how to feel sorry for you
And I carry my cross with care ...
What sorcerer you want
Give back the robber beauty!Let it lure and deceive, -
You will not be lost, you will not perish,
And only care will cloud
Your beautiful features ...Well? One more concern -
With one tear the river is noisier
And you are still the same - a forest, but a field,
Yes, patterned to the eyebrows ...And the impossible is possible
The road is long and easy
When the road shines in the distance
Instant glance from under the handkerchief
When it rings with grief
Deaf song of the driver! ..
Analysis of the poem of the Bloc "Russia"
Alexander Blok is one of the few Russian poets who accepted october Revolution, but, disappointed in the new regime, he still did not want to leave his homeland. This behavior is explained not only by patriotism and love for their country, but also by the belief that Russia is a truly powerful power that is capable of rising from the ashes.
Long before the revolution, in the fall of 1908, Alexander Blok wrote an amazing poem called "Russia", which was destined to become prophetic. It is noteworthy that the poet himself remained faithful to the ideas embedded in it until his death, believing that war and a change in the political system could not significantly affect the foundations of the state and the mentality of people - strong, hard-working and with due respect accepting everything that fate had in store for them.
Alexander Blok has no illusions about his homeland, believing that in many respects it is far from developed Western countries. Therefore, he begins his poem with the lines that in Russia, which has already entered the new, 20th century, nothing changes. Instead of a car - an ordinary cart with worn out helmets in harness. And as before, as in the days of the poet's youth, "the knitting needles are painted in loose ruts ...". The author sees all the wretchedness and poverty of the peasant life, gray rickety huts and gloomy people who are concerned only with how to feed their numerous families. However, Alexander Blok admits that he has no pity for his country, knowing in advance that she and its inhabitants will be deceived more than once. In this he sees a kind of cross of fate, from which there is no escape. All that remains is to humble ourselves and carry it to the very end, strengthening your faith that someday, perhaps, life will change for the better.
Russia, according to the poet, has many weaknesses, one of which is gullibility and simplicity. Therefore, the poet compares his homeland with a deceived woman who, even in the most difficult situations, will not disappear - "with one concern more - with one tear the river is noisier." However, the main strength of Russia lies in its monumentality, because even the most powerful shocks are not able to break its traditions and foundations that have been created over the centuries. This heaviness and sluggishness has repeatedly saved the country from total collapse, reliably protecting both from internal and external enemies. However, Alexander Blok understands that the new era brings with it changes that Russia will no longer be able to ignore. Nevertheless, the poet hopes very much that "the impossible is possible", and instead of the chaos and destruction that await Russia with a change in the socio-political formation, peace, equality and justice will reign in the country. AND he himself admits that such ideas are utopian, revealing his cards and secretly laughing at the fact that there is no point in thinking about transformations, "when the coachman's deaf song is ringing with anguish."
Today, more than a century after the creation of the poem "Russia", it should be admitted that Alexander Blok was largely right. After all, Western-style megacities are just the tip of the iceberg, which is called civilization. At the same time, the Russian hinterland remains poor, wretched and hopeless. And also, instead of cars on the broken country roads today, you can see creaking carts that get bogged down in the mud. But it is in this primitiveness and savagery, according to the poet, that lies the true strength of Russia, its unique ability to overcome difficulties and find a way out even from the most difficult situations, which for the Russian people and for the country as a whole are just a drop in the sea of \u200b\u200ba series of everyday worries and problems to which we all simply stopped paying attention.
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